FIGURE 3.
(A) FEM-simulated and experimental bending behavior of 3D printed baseline semi-circular SECA at 160 kPa of input pressure. (B) Free space bending pressure–angle relationship of semi-obround and semi-circular SECAs with baseline geometrical parameters and varying thickness of torque compensating layers [0.1 mm, 0 mm (strain limiting layer for FRA)].