Table 1. Summary differences in glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors between intervention and control groups from trials of increasing fibre intakes.
| Outcome | Trials | Participants (I/C) | Initial I2 | MD (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 33 | 815/738 | 98.7% | −2.00 (−3.30 to −0.71) |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 34 | 936/871 | 99.1% | −0.56 (−0.73 to −0.38) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 27 | 662/605 | 98.0% | −0.34 (−0.46 to −0.22) |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 21 | 559/512 | 96.2% | −0.17 (−0.27 to −0.08) |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 25 | 722/666 | 96.7% | 0.04 (0.01–0.07) |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 28 | 760/708 | 97.7% | −0.16 (−0.23 to −0.09) |
| Body weight (kg) | 18 | 455/422 | 98.2% | −0.56 (−0.98 to −0.13) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 14 | 382/381 | 97.4% | −0.36 (−0.55 to −0.16) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 8 | 178/171 | 97.4% | −1.42 (−2.63 to −0.21) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 12 | 325/295 | 98.6% | −1.86 (−4.85 to 1.12) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 12 | 325/295 | 97.1% | −1.19 (−2.87 to 0.49) |
| C-reactive protein (SMD) | 7 | 216/217 | 96.9% | −2.80 (−4.52 to −1.09) |
| Fasting plasma insulin (SMD) | 19 | 489/458 | 96.4% | −2.03 (−2.92 to −1.13) |
| HOMA IR (mg/dL) | 9 | 292/289 | 99.7% | −1.24 (−1.72 to −0.76) |
Abbreviations: BMI, Body Mass Index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; I/C, intervention/control; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SMD, standardised mean difference