| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Aguilar 2014 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (mixed test: brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Aksu 2011 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Apostolova 2006 | Not a DTA study |
| Apostolova 2014 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Archer 2010 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Ardekani 2017 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: hippocampal volumetric integrity) |
| Bakkour 2009 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Barnes 2014 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Beheshti 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Beheshti 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Bell‐McGinty 2005 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Bernard 2014 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (individuals aged ≥ 65 years randomly recruited from population electoral lists) |
| Blasko 2008 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI combined with plasma amyloid beta 42 and homocysteine) |
| Bombois 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Borgio 2012 | No reference standard |
| Boutet 2012 | Not a DTA study (focus on comparison between visual assessment of MTA with automatic hippocampal volumetry for the classification of AD, MCI and cognitively normal) |
| Bouwmann 2007 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Rhodius‐Meester 2016, population from the same setting VUMC, with a smaller sample size) |
| Brickman 2015 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (the Washington Heights Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), an ongoing longitudinal study of cognitive aging and dementia that recruited "non demented participants") |
| Bron 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures)) |
| Bron 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Brueggen 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria, retrospective study (participants were selected through a retrospective review of clinical records) |
| Brys 2009 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Brück 2013 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (PET) |
| Buckley 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria |
| Buckner 2005 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (healthy and AD participants) |
| Callahan 2015 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI combined with neuropsychological tests) |
| Cardenas 2003 | Not a DTA study (focus on atrophy rate comparison between healthy participants and patients affected by cognitive impairment) |
| Carmichael 2013 | The study reported outcomes for number of structural MRI throughout participants' follow‐up ‐ not number of participants |
| Caroli 2015 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (participant selection based on biomarkers) |
| Casanova 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: the AD Pattern Similarity (AD‐PS) scores)) |
| Cespedes 2017 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (healthy control and MCI) |
| Cevik 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Chan 2016 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI (neuropsychological test) |
| Chao 2005 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Cheng 2012 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Cheng 2015a | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Cheng 2015b | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Chertkow 2012 | Insufficient description of methods and population (abstract) |
| Chetelat 2005 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Chincarini 2011 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Chincarini 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Chincarini 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (annualised volume change) |
| Cho 2012 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (brain cortical thickness) |
| Chow 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on comparison between 2 types of MRI) |
| Chu 2012 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Chung 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (depressed vs non‐depressed MCI participants) |
| Chupin 2009 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Citak‐Er 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Clerx 2013b | Study design outside inclusion criteria (cross sectional study) |
| Clerx 2014 | Insufficient description of methods and population (abstract) |
| Convit 2000 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Cover 2016 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (no MCI participants) |
| Cui 2011 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test: brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Cuignet 2011 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Da 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: the spatial pattern of abnormalities for recognition of early AD) (SPARE‐AD) |
| Damian 2013 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (neuropsychological tests) |
| Davatzikos 2011 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (SPARE‐AD) |
| De Leon 1997 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI) |
| de Leon 2006 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| de Leon 2007 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (baseline condition: MCI cases mixed with healthy control). Index test was voxel based morphometry |
| Den Heijer 2006 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (healthy participants) |
| Desikan 2008 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Devanand 2008 | The study reported accuracy results of combined MRI hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes with cognitive test performance, informant report of functional impairment, apolipoprotein E genotype, and olfactory identification deficit |
| Devanand 2012 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Dickerson 2001 | Study authors not able to supply data request to complete 2 x 2 tables |
| Dickerson 2004 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (not a volumetric MRI test) |
| Dickerson 2013 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Douaud 2013 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Doyle 2014 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: (Ordinal Regression Characteristic Index of Dementia score) |
| Duara 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Duchesne 2009 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Duchesne 2014 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index, grey matter+determinant) |
| Duchesne 2015 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index, the disease evaluation factor (DEF index)) |
| Dukart 2016 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI index test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Dyrba 2015 | Reference standard outside inclusion criteria (AD diagnosis based on CSF biomarkers) |
| Eckerström 2015 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (mixed test: both manual and automated techniques, no separate data for the 2 techniques) |
| Egli 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| El Fakhri 2003 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| El Fakhri 2004 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Ellis 2014 | Not a DTA study (focus on cognitive tests) |
| Eskildsen 2013 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness) |
| Eskildsen 2015 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: scoring by Non local Image Patch Estimator (SNIPE)) |
| Evans 2010 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables). Unable to contact the study author |
| Ewers 2012 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Gaser 2013, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Fan 2008 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Fellgiebel 2006 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Fjell 2010 | Not a DTA study (focus on relationships between baseline biomarkers and change on CDR score) |
| Fleisher 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Fouquet 2009 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (FDG‐PET) |
| Franko 2013 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (subvolumes of hippocampus) |
| Gao 2018 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI combined with FDG‐PET and participants' information) |
| Gavidia 2017 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: MRI‐based residuals) |
| Gavrilova 2008 | Not a DTA study (focus on neuropsychological test) |
| Geroldi 2006 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Gomar 2011 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another included paper (Ledig 2018 and Gaser 2013) |
| Goryawala 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Grothe 2013 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables). Unable to contact the study author |
| Grundman 2002 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (RCT designed to evaluate the efficacy of either vitamin E, donepezil, or placebo to delay progression of MCI to dementia ) |
| Guo 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI index test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Guzman 2013 | Not a DTA study (focus on correlation between biomarkers) |
| Gómez‐Sancho 2018 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Ledig 2018) |
| Hall 2015 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for the Disease State Index prediction model) |
| Hall 2015b | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for the Disease State Index prediction model) |
| Hamalainen 2007 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Hamalainen 2008 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Heister 2011 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Henneman 2009 | Not a DTA study (focus on association of baseline variables with hippocampal atrophy rate) |
| Henry‐Feugeas 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Hensel 2005 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Hinrichs 2011 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET, no separate data for MRI) |
| Hu 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI index test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Huang 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Inui 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Jack 2004 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Jack 2005 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Jack 2008a | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Jack 2009 | Not a DTA study (focus on ventricular expansion rate in different clinical groups: cognitively normal, MCI, AD) |
| Jacobs 2011 | Partecipants outside inclusion criteria (baseline condition: MCI cases mixed with healthy control) |
| Jie 2013 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET, no separate data for imaging) |
| Kalin 2017 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Kaneko 2005 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case study) |
| Kantarci 2005 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Kantarci 2009 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Karas 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Kaye 1997 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (healthy participants) |
| Kaye 2005 | Not a DTA study (focus on volume changes in different phases of cognitive decline) |
| Khan 2015b | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (mixed test; brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Killiany 2000 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (participants with normal cognition; participants with “questionable AD”) |
| Kim 2017 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Kloppel 2015 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Kong 2014 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with neuropsychological and genetic tests) |
| Korf 2004 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Korolev 2016 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (mixed test: brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Kovacevic 2009 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (6‐month follow‐up ) |
| Krashenyi 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Laforce 2010 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective study) |
| Lan 2017 | Not a DTA study (focus on survival analysis) |
| Landau 2010 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Wolz 2011, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Lebedev, 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Lee 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with neuropsychological and genetic tests) |
| Lehman 2013 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another included paper (Pereira 2014) |
| Leung 2010 | Not a DTA study and focused on technical aspects of the test |
| Leung 2013 | Not a DTA study and focused on comparisons of atrophy rate among healthy participants, MCI and AD dementia. ADNI study |
| Li 2012 | Not a DTA study (focus on correlation between atrophy and cognitive functions in AD and MCI patients) |
| Li 2014a | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test: brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Li 2014b | Participants outside inclusion criteria (MCI patients stable during follow‐up) |
| Lillemark 2014 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Ledig 2018 and Wolz 2011) |
| Lin 2018 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Lindemer 2015 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (brain white matter signal abnormalities) |
| Liu 2013 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Pereira 2014, population from setting ADNI with a smaller sample size compared to Pereira 2014, that combine patients from ADNI and AddNeuroMed cohorts) |
| Liu 2014a | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Liu 2014b | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Llano 2011 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Long 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants ) |
| Lopez 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with neuropsychological tests and electroencephalogram) |
| Luo 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Ma 2016 | Not a DTA study (comparison between MCI and AD; MCI and normal controls) |
| MacDonald 2013 | Population outside inclusion criteria (participants classified as MCI from baseline to 12 months and prediction of conversion evaluated between 12 and 24 months) |
| Mah 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (anxious vs non‐anxious MCI participants ) |
| Mangialasche 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with vitamin E plasma levels) |
| Manning 2014 | Not a DTA study (focus on hippocampal atrophy rate and comparison between epsilon 4 carriers and non‐carriers) |
| Martínez‐Torteya 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Maruyama 2004 | Not a DTA study (focus on biomarker comparison between stable and progressive MCI) |
| Mascalchi 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (magnetisation transfer imaging) |
| Massaro 2004 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants ) |
| McEvoy 2009 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test: brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| McEvoy 2011 | Insufficient description of methods and population (abstract) |
| Meguro 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET) |
| Meyer 2005a | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Meyer 2005b | Study design outside inclusion criteria (cross sectional study) |
| Meyer 2007 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Miller 2008 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (functional MRI) |
| Minhas 2017 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Wolz 2011 and Ledig 2018, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Moradi 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (imaging test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Moradi 2016 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (neuropsychological tests) |
| Moretti 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on the relationship between EEG markers and the cortical thickness in participants with MCI) |
| Morra 2009 | Not a DTA study (focus on comparison between Alzheimer's disease patients vs MCI patients vs healthy elderly control ) |
| Mubeen 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index) |
| Mungas 2002 | No reference standard |
| Mungas 2005 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Nesteruk 2015 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Nordlund 2005 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (neuropsychological tests) |
| Ota 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET) |
| Ota 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET) |
| Overdorp 2014 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Park 2013 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (healthy participants) |
| Park 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (follow‐up of MCI participants was in relation to reversion to normal cognitive function ) |
| Peng 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on correlation of hippocampal volume and cognitive performances in MCI participants and AD) |
| Perani 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Persson 2017 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Peters 2014 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness measure) |
| Petersen 2010 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI (CSF biomarker) |
| Prasad 2011 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Prestia 2015 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Prestia 2013, population from the same setting Brescia, VUMC and Stockholm, with an equal sample size) |
| Prins 2013 | Study design outside inclusion criteria. A post hoc analyses of placebo participants with MCI who participated in a previously published clinical trial |
| Qiu 2014 | ADNI study. Insufficient description of methods and population. Unable to contact the study authors |
| Querbes 2009 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness measure) |
| Raamana 2015 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness measure) |
| Rana 2017 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (no MCI participants) |
| Redolfi 2015 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness measure) |
| Richard 2013 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Risacher 2010 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Ritter 2016 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (clinical uncertain cognitive impairment in elderly patients hospitalised for acute condition) |
| Runtti 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Salvatore 2018 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Sambuchi 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on MRI alterations in subjective cognitive impairment) |
| Schmitter 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Schuff 2009 | Not a DTA study (focus on atrophy rate in healthy elderly, MCI and AD) |
| Shaffer 2013 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Sheng 2017 | Not a DTA study (focus on comparison between MCI vs healthy control) |
| Sluimer 2009 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (prediction of AD risk based on atrophy rate) |
| Smith 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Sohn 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (voxel‐based‐morphometry) |
| Song 2013 | Reference standard outside inclusion criteria (MMSE and the AD Assessment Scale‐cognitive subscale) |
| Sousa 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on neural and behavioural substrates of disorientation in MCI and AD) |
| Sousa 2016 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (neuropsychological tests) |
| Spulber 2010 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (annualised atrophy rate) |
| Spulber 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test, brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Staekenborg 2009 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); unable to contact study authors |
| Stephan 2015 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (baseline condition not MCI) |
| Stonnington 2018 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (no MCI participants) |
| Stoub 2005 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (baseline condition MCI mixed with healthy control) |
| Suk 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Suppa 2015a | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Wolz 2011, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Suppa 2015b | Participants outside inclusion criteria (baseline condition no MCI) |
| Susanto 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on the trajectories of cognitive performance, grey matter volume (GMV), and CSF biomarker during the AD course) |
| Sørensen 2016 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Wolz 2011) |
| Tang 2014 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Tang 2015 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Wolz 2011, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Tapiola 2008 | Insufficient DTA information (unable to construct 2 x 2 tables); study authors did not answer data request |
| Tarnanas 2014 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (cortical thickness measure) |
| Teipel 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (data reported for MRI test combined with PET) |
| Ten Kate 2017a | Index test outside inclusion criteria. Gray matter volume of the hippocampal, temporal, parietal, and frontal regions was assessed by voxel‐based morphometry |
| Tosun 2010 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Trzepacz 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (imaging test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Trzepacz 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Van Maurik 2016 | Insufficient description of methods and population (abstract) |
| Van Rossum 2012 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (MCI with positive CSF biomarker) |
| Vannini 2007 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for functional MRI |
| Varon 2011 | Not a DTA study (focus on correlation between biomarkers) |
| Varon 2015 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Pereira 2014; Wolz 2011; Ledig 2018) |
| Vasta 2016 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Wolz 2011, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Vemuri 2009 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI‐derived index: the Structural Abnormality Index (STAND) score) |
| Verma 2018 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (data reported for a biomarker that combines cognitive and MRI atrophy markers) |
| Villemagne 2013 | Not a DTA study (focus on longitudinal data of amyloid β (Aβ) deposition, cerebral atrophy, and cognitive decline during the AD pathology) |
| Vos 2012 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Clerx 2013a, population from the same setting DESCRIPA+VUMC, with a smaller sample size: 153 participants) |
| Vos 2013 | Insufficient description of methods. Unable to construct 2 x 2 tables. Study authors did not answer request for data |
| Wahlund 2003 | Not a DTA study (focus on correlation between biomarkers) |
| Walhovd 2010 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Wang 2009 | Not a DTA study and focused on comparison of structural volume changes between MCI converters and MCI non converters |
| Wang 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control design) |
| Wee 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Wei 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test, brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Weise 2015 | Not a DTA study (focus on congruence between biomarker) |
| Westman 2012 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test, brain cortical thickness and volumetric measures) |
| Whitwell 2007 | Participants outside inclusion criteria (only MCI who developed AD during follow‐up) |
| Whitwell 2008 | Index test not in line with inclusion criteria (Voxel Based Morphometry Study) |
| Willette 2014 | Index test was not a volumetric MRI test (surface‐based‐morphometry) |
| Wolk 2009 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (no follow‐up data in MCI participants) |
| Wolz 2010 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (prediction of AD risk based on atrophy rate) |
| Xu 2015 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Xu 2016 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Yamaguchi 2002 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (retrospective selection of cases) |
| Yang 2012 | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Ledig 2018, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Ye 2012 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (mixed test, brain cortical thickness, surface area, and volumetric measures) |
| Yi 2016 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (participants were selected through a retrospective review of clinical records) |
| Young 2013 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Youssofzadeh 2017 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Yu 2012 | ADNI study that reported on a cohort that overlapped with a cohort in another ADNI included paper (Ledig 2018) |
| Yu 2014 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
| Yun 2015 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Zhang 2012a | Index test outside inclusion criteria (MRI test obtained from volumetric measures) |
| Zhang 2012b | High risk for duplication (study design and MRI parameters similar to Pereira 2014, population from the same setting ADNI, with a smaller sample size) |
| Zheng 2015 | Index test was not a structural MRI test (cortical thickness) |
| Zhou 2014 | Study design outside inclusion criteria (case‐control study) |
| Zhou 2019 | Index test outside inclusion criteria (test obtained from multiple volumetric measures) |
AD: Alzheimer's Disease; ADNI: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; DTA: diagnostic test accuracy; EEG: electroencephalogram; FDG: fluorodeoxyglucose; MCI; mild cognitive impairment; MMSE: Mini‐Mental State Examination; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; MTA: medial temporal lobe atrophy; PET: positron emission tomography; RCT: randomised controlled trial; VUMC: University Medical Center Amsterdam