Table 1.

Clinical and metabolic characteristics in African Americans and non-Hispanic whites

		NHW (n = 47)			AA (n = 36)		P
Age, y	39	±	13	39	±	11	.99
Female, %, n		68 (n = 32)			56 (n = 20)		.24
BMI, kg/m2	26.3 (9.7)			31.2 (12.3)			.02
Fat free mass, kg	49	±	11	57	±	11	.002
Total body fat, %	35	±	11	38	±	12	.24
Waist circumference, cm	86.2	±	16.4	95.8	±	16.8	.02
Truncal fat, %	35.0	±	13.3	39.9	±	12.4	.08
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	119	±	12	125	±	12	.02
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	70	±	8	72	±	8	.40
Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/L	4.92	±	0.38	5.03	±	0.39	.49
Fasting plasma insulin, pmol/L	17.4 (49.8)			45 (55.8)			.007
Fasting C-peptide, nmol/	0.49 (0.53)			0.56 (0.42)			.16
Hemoglobin A1c, %	5.3 (0.5)			5.6 (0.8)			.001
QUICKI	0.389 (0.104)			0.353 (0.073)			.003
SI, min–1·μU·ml–1	5.47 (6.37)			2.93 (2.12)			< .001
OGIS, mL.min−1.m−2	360	±	41	347	±	34	.10
AIR, μU·mL–1·min–1		230 (210)			611(632)		< .001
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	4.98	±	0.73	4.67	±	0.70	.06
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	2.89	±	0.79	2.83	±	0.64	.43
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.50	±	0.43	1.36	±	0.37	.12
Triglycerides, mmol/L	0.95 (0.89)			0.73 (0.53)			.03
Serum creatinine, µmol/L	74.6 ± 14.7			82.8 ± 18.4			.03
eGFR, mL.min−1.1.73 m−2	93 ± 22			103 ± 20			.02

Data are presented as arithmetic mean ± SD or as median (interquartile range); n, No. of participants. P values indicate significance for comparisons between ethnic groups.

Abbreviations: AA, African American; AIR, acute insulin response; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate by the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NHW, non-Hispanic white; OGIS, oral glucose insulin sensitivity index; QUICKI, quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index; S_I, insulin sensitivity index derived from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.