. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Obes. 2020 Jan 10;15(4):e12603. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12603

TABLE 2.

Body composition outcomes by sex, nutritional intake, and physical activity estimated marginal (mean ± SE)

	Boys %BF	Girls %BF	Boys %LM	Girls %LM	Boys TPFR^a	Girls TPFR^a
Quartile of TEI
1	24.3 ± 1.4	27.3 ± 1.3	73.2 ± 1.4	70.2 ± 1.3	0.64 ± 0.02	0.63 ± 0.03
2	24.3 ± 1.7	29.0 ± 1.2	73.0 ± 1.7	68.5 ± 1.2	0.62 ± 0.03	0.66 ± 0.03
3	25.5 ± 1.3	27.3 ± 1.5	71.8 ± 1.3	70.2 ± 1.5	0.60 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.03
4	24.8 ± 1.2	28.7 ± 1.6	72.8 ± 1.2	68.6 ± 1.6	0.61 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.03
P	.92	.70	.89	.70	.68	.72
Quartile of carbohydrate intake^b
1	24.6 ± 1.2	31.9 ± 1.3	72.9 ± 1.2	65.6 ± 1.3	0.59 ± 0.02	0.69 ± 0.03
2	25.0 ± 1.2	27.9 ± 1.4	72.4 ± 1.2	69.5 ± 1.4	0.66 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.03
3	25.9 ± 1.6	27.7 ± 1.1	71.6 ± 1.5	69.8 ± 1.1	0.61 ± 0.02	0.63 ± 0.03
4	23.8 ± 1.5	25.9 ± 1.1	73.5 ± 1.4	71.6 ± 1.1	0.59 ± 0.02	0.66 ± 0.03
P	.80	.01^*	.830	.01^*	.08	.48
Quartile of protein intake^b
1	24.0 ± 1.6	27.3 ± 1.1	73.1 ± 1.6	70.1 ± 1.1	0.60 ± 0.03	0.64 ± 0.03
2	26.9 ± 1.2	30.5 ± 1.4	70.6 ± 1.2	67.1 ± 1.4	0.63 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.03
3	23.3 ± 1.2	25.7 ± 1.3	74.0 ± 1.2	71.8 ± 1.3	0.62 ± 0.02	0.65 ± 0.03
4	24.4 ± 1.2	29.8 ± 1.4	73.1 ± 1.2	67.6 ± 1.4	0.60 ± 0.02	0.71 ± 0.03
P	.18	.05	.22	.05	.60	.31
Quartile of total fat intake^b
1	24.8 ± 1.3	27.5 ± 1.4	72.5 ± 1.3	70.0 ± 1.4	0.61 ± 0.02	0.66 ± 0.03
2	25.7 ± 1.4	29.0 ± 1.3	71.8 ± 1.4	68.5 ± 1.3	0.61 ± 0.03	0.66 ± 0.03
3	25.3 ± 1.2	27.5 ± 1.5	72.2 ± 1.2	69.9 ± 1.5	0.63 ± 0.02	0.64 ± 0.03
4	23.3 ± 1.4	28.2 ± 1.4	74.1 ± 1.3	69.2 ± 1.4	0.60 ± 0.02	0.68 ± 0.03
P	.65	.84	.65	.86	.77	.85
Quartile of physical activity (CPM)
1	28.1 ± 1.3	29.6 ± 1.4	69.4 ± 1.3	67.9 ± 1.4	0.68 ± 0.02	0.69 ± 0.03
2	25.3 ± 1.1	28.5 ± 1.5	72.0 ± 1.1	68.9 ± 1.5	0.62 ± 0.02	0.63 ± 0.03
3	24.3 ± 1.3	28.3 ± 1.5	73.1 ± 1.2	69.2 ± 1.4	0.60 ± 0.02	0.64 ± 0.03
4	22.4 ± 1.1	26.2 ± 1.6	75.0 ± 1.1	71.2 ± 1.6	0.59 ± 0.02	0.67 ± 0.03
P	.02^*	.49	.02^*	.47	.05	.46

Note: Values are estimated marginal means ± SE based on general linear models (ANCOVA) controlling for child age

P < 0.05,

^**

P < 0.01.

Abbreviations: BF, body fat; CPM, accelerometer counts per minute; LM, lean mass; TEI, total energy intake; TPFR, trunk-to-peripheral fat ratio.

A higher TPFR indicates greater fat storage in the trunk relative to the periphery.

All quartiles of macronutrient intake were adjusted for total energy intake (TEI).