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. 2020 Mar 6;10(3):32. doi: 10.1038/s41408-020-0301-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Histology, PD-1 immunohistochemistry and PD-1 flow cytometric findings in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, NOS (PTCL-NOS; a–c), adult T-cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATLL; d–f), and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, Case 28; g–i). PD-1 expression is not observed in PTCL-NOS both by immunohistochemistry (b) and flow cytometry (c). ATLL shows intermediate expression of PD-1 by immunohistochemistry (e) and flow cytometry (f). AITL shows bright PD-1 expression by immunohistochemistry (h) and flow cytometry (i). Lymph node involved by both AITL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Case 21; Fig 2j–o). Lymph node shows atypical lymphocytic infiltrate composed of large cells (j). Immunohistochemistry for CD20 highlights sheets of large cells (k). CD2 highlights scattered T-cells (m). Scattered T-cells also express PD-1 (n). Flow cytometry identifies abnormal CD4+ T-cell population with aberrant loss of surface CD3 (l; aqua dots). This aberrant population expresses PD-1/CD279 (o; aqua dots). PD-1 expression on normal lymph node and lymph node involved by AITL. Normal lymph node does not show distinct CD4+/PD-1 bright population (p). Lymph node involved by AITL show distinct CD4+/PD-1 bright population (q, Case 17). Vbeta fragment analysis performed on sorted PD-1 bright population shows that this population is clonal (r, Case 17). Vbeta fragment analysis performed on PD-1 intermediate and dim to absent populations show that these populations are polyclonal (s, t, Case 17). Flow cytometric findings of patients with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (u–y) and reactive follicular hyperplasia (Z-AD). Prominent CD4-positive T-cell population with bright PD-1 expression is seen in NLPHL (u; blue dots). This population is polyclonal by Vbeta analysis (v). PD-1 bright population shows normal T-cell immunophenotype of CD2+/CD3+/CD4+/CD5+/CD7+(w–y; blue dots). Expansion of CD4-positive T-cell population with bright PD-1 expression is present in reactive follicular hyperplasia (z; blue dots). This population is polyclonal by Vbeta analysis (aa). PD-1 bright population shows normal T-cell immunophenotype of CD2+/CD3+/CD4+/CD5+/CD7+(ab–ad; blue dots). a, d, g, j: Hematoxylin and Eosin, ×400; b, e, h, n: PD-1 immunohistochemistry, ×400; k: CD20 immunohistochemistry, ×400; m: CD2 immunohistochemistry, ×400.