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. 2020 Mar 6;11:1245. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15078-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

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Fig. 2 — a UPS spectra of secondary electron cutoff and valence band of perovskite films. b Schematic illustration of energy levels. Dashed lines represent the quasi-Fermi level of ICBA (E_Fn–I), PCBM (E_Fn–P), and PEDOT (E_Fp).