Table 1. The five highest and lowest scoring pain catastrophizing items across pain catastrophizing measures.

	Item	Measure	Pain catastrophizing $\hat{\mu }$[CI]	Pain-related disability $\hat{\mu }$[CI]	Pain-related distress $\hat{\mu }$[CI]	Pain severity $\hat{\mu }$[CI]	Pain vigilance $\hat{\mu }$[CI]	Worrying about pain $\hat{\mu }$[CI]
Best items	When I’m in pain, it’s terrible and I think it’s never going to get any better”	PCS/CSQ	7.41 [5.36 to 9.44]	−3.56* [−6.39 to −0.75]	7.21 [5.41 to 9.00]	4.70 [2.14 to 7.26]	−1.62* [−4.55 to 1.31]	6.21 [3.76 to 8.65]
	This will never end	PRSS	6.58 [4.51 to 8.64]	−4.61* [−7.23 to −2.00]	5.74 [3.23 to 8.24]	−0.75* [−3.88 to 2.36]	−4.58* [−7.28 to −1.90]	4.75 [1.91 to 7.59]
	I can’t go on anymore	PRSS	5.92 [3.60 to 8.24]	2.58 [−0.33 to 5.48]	8.05* [6.33 to 9.76]	3.54 [0.66 to 6.41]	−5.48* [−7.45 to −3.52]	3.63 [0.88 to 6.38]
	When I feel pain, I feel my life isn’t worth living	CSQ	5.90 [4.64 to 7.15]	−2.21* [−3.73 to −0.67]	8.28* [7.58 to 8.99]	0.54* [−1.11 to 2.20]	−4.50* [−5.80 to −3.17]	3.89* [2.35 to 5.43]
	When I’m in pain, I feel I can’t stand it anymore	PCS/CSQ	5.49 [3.37 to 7.62]	−0.49* [−3.35 to 2.34]	6.82 [5.15 to 8.46]	5.32 [2.99 to 7.64]	−5.00* [−7.11 to −2.88]	1.88* [−0.89 to 4.66]
Worst items	I need to take some pain medication	PRSS	−7.06 [−8.68 to −5.43]	−3.57* [−6.49 to −0.68]	−1.71* [−4.73 to 1.30]	2.97* [−0.02 to 5.96]	−0.20* [−3.43 to 3.01]	−3.09 [−5.96 to −0.20]
	When I’m in pain, I anxiously want the pain to go away	PCS	−6.54 [−8.36 to −4.69]	−6.92 [−8.85 to −4.99]	5.61* [3.03 to 8.18]	−3.74* [−6.72 to −0.77]	−1.68* [−4.79 to 1.41]	6.27* [3.84 to 8.71]
	I make sure I protect myself from extra pain	PCL	−5.55 [−6.64 to −4.46]	−5.40 [−6.58 to −4.21]	−2.46* [3.98 to −0.94]	−2.10* [−3.69 to −0.52]	6.91* [5.81 to 8.04]	1.18* [−0.41 to 2.77]
	I think I am always very tense	PCL	−5.51 [−7.48 to −3.54]	−6.04 [−7.79 to −4.30]	−0.17* [−2.96 to 2.60]	−5.93 [−7.83 to −4.02]	−3.37* [−5.95 to −0.79]	1.31* [−1.33 to 3.94]
	I am disappointed in myself for giving in to the pain	PCL	−4.88 [−7.33 to −2.41]	−4.64 [−7.16 to −2.15]	4.57* [1.79 to 7.35]	−4.57 [−7.33 to −1.78]	−5.88 [−8.25 to −3.53]	0.59* [−2.47 to 3.66]

Notes.

mu

estimated mean in the population

CI

95% credibility interval

^*p < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in score with the construct ‘pain catastrophizing’.