Table 4.
Comparison of patients presented with catecholamine cardiomyopathy and those without cardiomyopathy associated with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma
| Variable | SCM (n = 7) | Non-SCM (n = 104) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 57 ± 11 | 51 ± 16 | 0.364 |
| Male sex | 3 (42.9) | 53 (51.5) | 0.660 |
| Hypertension | 6 (85.7) | 47 (45.7) | 0.040 |
| Diabetes | 3 (42.9) | 17 (16.5) | 0.080 |
| Dyslipidemia | 2 (28.6) | 9 (8.7) | 0.091 |
| At presentation | |||
| Headache | 2 (28.6) | 15 (14.6) | 0.321 |
| Dizziness | 0 | 12 (11.7) | 0.339 |
| Chest pain | 6 (85.7) | 7 (6.8) | < 0.001 |
| Palpitation | 3 (42.9) | 12 (11.7) | 0.020 |
| SBP, mmHg | 144.7 ± 19.7 | 132.4 ± 23.4 | 0.177 |
| DBP, mmHg | 91.6 ± 18.2 | 79.6 ± 14.5 | 0.041 |
| Paraganglioma | 0 | 29 (28.2) | 0.102 |
| Maximal diameter, mm | 44.9 ± 15.4 | 43.5 ± 31.9 | 0.909 |
| Secretion of catecholamine | |||
| Norepinephrine | 1 (50) | 13 (38.2) | 0.740 |
| Epinephrine | 7 (100) | 49 (62.0) | 0.043 |
| Non-secreting | 0 | 8 (24.2) | 0.428 |
| Urine metanephrine (< 0.8), mg/day | 8.4 ± 5.3 | 120.9 ± 702.7 | 0.675 |
| Urine epinephrine (1.7–2.2), µg/day | 534.8 ± 790.2 | 65.9 ± 186.3 | 0.206 |
| Urine norepinephrine (12.1–280), µg/day | 68.0 ± 40.7 | 261.0 ± 327.8 | 0.422 |
| Urine VMA (< 8), mg/day | 38.8 ± 39.6 | 17.9 ± 31.2 | 0.126 |
| Plasma metanephrine (< 0.5), nmol/L | 2.69 ± 2.17 | 1.28 ± 1.24 | 0.214 |
| Plasma normetanephrine (< 0.9), nmol/L | 2.98 ± 2.48 | 6.98 ± 6.78 | 0.444 |
| Echocardiography performed | 7 (100) | 39 (37.9) | 0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 47.0 ± 17.6 | 61.1 ± 5.9 | 0.079 |
| After surgery | |||
| Antihypertensive medications | 4 (57.1) | 16 (15.5) | 0.006 |
| SBP, mmHg | 128.0 ± 11.4 | 123.1 ± 13.4 | 0.424 |
| DBP, mmHg | 77.0 ± 5.1 | 74.9 ± 8.4 | 0.579 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD or number (%).
SCM, stress-induced cardiomyopathy; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; VMA, vanillyl mandelic acid; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.