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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2021 Jul 1;33(3):273–280. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000641

Figure 1. Gonadectomy and cryoanesthesia do not impair object recognition learning and memory.

Figure 1.

A) Testes removed during the gonadectomy procedure. B) Incision and suture site after gonadectomy procedure. C) Gonadectomized males have lower levels of circulating testosterone than controls, similar to females. D) Gx and control animals maintained similar body weights until pubertal period, after which control animals weighed significantly more. E-G) Both Control (n=16) and Gx (n=15) groups spent significantly more time with the novel target than the familiar target in the Novel Object Recognition (E), Object Place (F), and Object Context (G) tasks. Mean and SEM shown.