Table 2. Comparison of bone turnover biomarker levels and BMD between the three groups.
| Osteoporosis group | Osteopenia group | Control group | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 52 | 75 | 23 | |
| P1NP (pg/ml) | 13.87±5.84 | 12.60±4.54 | 11.66±3.31 | 0.184 |
| β-CTX (pg/ml) | 572.3±154.4** Δ | 543.6±96.3* | 479.4±83.2 | 0.020 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 25.1±4.9 | 27.1±5.5 | 25.1±5.1 | 0.083 |
| LS BMD (g/cm2) | 0.717±0.102** ΔΔ | 0.900±0.101** | 1.033±0.066 | <0.001 |
| LS BMD T score | -3.048±0.812** ΔΔ | -1.280±0.877** | -0.087±0.578 | <0.001 |
| FN BMD (g/cm2) | 0.603±0.076** ΔΔ | 0.709±0.070** | 0.807±0.048 | <0.001 |
| FN BMD T score | -2.354±0.505** ΔΔ | -1.310±0.426** | -0.302±0.127 | <0.001 |
| TH BMD (g/cm2) | 0.722±0.083** ΔΔ | 0.853±0.089** | 0.958±0.096 | <0.001 |
| TH BMD T score | -2.281±0.665** ΔΔ | -1.252±0.653** | -0.378±0.416 | <0.001 |
*,**, and ΔΔ indicate significant differences between the two groups after a pairwise comparison.
*
p<0.05 compared with the control group;
**
p<0.01 compared with the control group, and
ΔΔ
p-value<0.01 compared with the osteopenia group.
P1NP: procollagen type I N-peptide; β-CTX: cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; BMD: bone mineral density; LS: lumbar spine; FN: femoral neck; TH: total hip.