Table 1.

Basic description of the written examination assessment methods used in medical education

Methods of assessment/Domains evaluated	Strength	Limitations	Remarks
1. MCQs (Knowledge and problem-solving ability)	A large number of items encompassing many content areas can be evaluated, high reliability, less time consuming, computer can evaluate answer sheet.	Making of good quality MCQs requires lots of time and expertise, can result in Cueing.	Various formats of MCQs like (single and multiple options), extended matching and assertion-reasoning can be useful a large number of samples in a large number of candidates in a short time.
2. SAQ (Problem-solving ability, reasoning skills, interpretation)	Can evaluate reasoning and problem-solving ability. Avoid queuing	More time consuming, Check less number of samples.	The preset marking scheme is essential to reduce subjectivity. Less suitable for broad sampling.
3. LAQ (Ability for information synthesis and interpretation)	Can evaluate high order cognitive process, Avoid cueing.	Time-consuming, inter-rater variability.	The preset marking scheme is vital to reduce subjectivity. Mainly used in preclinical examinations. Unsuitable for PG entrance examination.

MCQ: Multiple choice questions, SAQ: Short answer type questions, MEQ: Modified Essay questions, LAQ: long/essay type questions