Janus particles as drug carriers for drug delivery. (Aa) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of UCNP@SiO2@mSiO2&PMO particles, (Ab) TEM image of UCNP@SiO2@mSiO2&PMO Janus nanocomposites, (Ac) schematic presentation for dual control drug release systems by using the dual compartment mesoporous Janus nanocomposites, (Ad) MTT cell viability assay of Janus UCNP@SiO2@mSiO2&PMO nanocomposites on HeLa cells, (Ae) cell viabilities of paclitaxel and DOX co-loaded UCNP@SiO2@mSiO2-Azo&PMO-PCM Janus nanocomposites under the heat (H) and NIR light (L) treatment (S means sample). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [47]. Copyright 2014, American Chemical Society. (Ba) TEM image of SJNCs (the SJNS image at higher magnification), (Bb) schematic diagram illustrating the proposed mechanisms for tumor cell targeting and stimulus-induced drug release, (Bc) FTIR spectra of 1) SJNCs, 2) FA-SJNCs, 3) FA-SJNCs-NHNH2, and 4) FA-SJNCs-DOX, (Bd) in-vitro cytotoxicity profiles of DOX, FA targeted SJNCs-DOX conjugates, non-targeted SJNCs-DOX conjugates, and drug-free control SJNCs using human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [4]. Copyright 2013, Wiley-VCH. (Ca) HRTEM image of a single PEG-OJNP-LA, (Cb) schematic illustration of pH and NIR light dual-stimuli responsive properties for actively targeted and chemo-photothermal cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo. (Cc) MTT cell viability assay of HepG2 cancer cells with different treatments, (Cd) relative tumor volume from the H-22-tumor-bearing Kunming mice with different treatment. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [17]. Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH.