Figure 3.

Explaining the spatial heterogeneity in population recovery using key common factors. (a) D₀ and D₁₆₀ of all LGUs. Each trajectory corresponds to an LGU, and colours represent the disaster. D₀ and D₁₆₀ have a moderate correlation of R = 0.612. The inset shows the high spatial heterogeneity of recovery trajectories. (b) Density plots of the four features of the affected LGUs, showing the heterogeneity in socio-economic characteristics. (c) Observed and estimated D₀ for all LGUs in all disasters had high correlation R = 0.864. (d) Observed and estimated D₁₆₀ values had high correlation R = 0.848.