Table 2.
Participants Characteristics According to Age
| Age, Years | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60–69 (n=272) | 70–79 (n=198) | ≥80 (n=51) | ||
| Baseline Characteristics | ||||
| Male:Female | 162:110 | 126:72 | 35:16 | 0.39 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean±SD | 22.9±3.5 | 22.4±3.4 | 22.3±3.0 | 0.22 |
| Tobacco use, n (%) | 58 (21.3) | 43 (21.7) | 17 (33.3) | 0.16 |
| Charlson score, mean±SD | 3.7±2.0 | 5.0±2.0 | 5.2±2.0 | <0.001* |
| Polypharmacy, n (%) | 47 (17.3) | 36 (18.2) | 11 (21.6) | 0.76 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 94 (34.6) | 91 (46.0) | 22 (43.1) | 0.04* |
| Hematological or solid organ malignancy, n (%) | 62 (22.8) | 53 (26.8) | 15 (29.4) | 0.48 |
| DM, n (%) | 55 (20.2) | 62 (31.3) | 10 (19.6) | 0.01* |
| CKD, n (%) | 30 (11.0) | 24 (12.1) | 8 (15.7) | 0.64 |
| CTD, n (%) | 25 (9.2) | 4 (2.0) | 1 (2.0) | 0.002* |
| CAD, n (%) | 18 (6.6) | 30 (15.2) | 10 (19.6) | 0.002* |
| COPD, n (%) | 11 (4.0) | 30 (15.2) | 10 (19.6) | <0.001* |
| Solid organ transplantation, n (%) | 8 (2.9) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0.19 |
| Acute stroke, n (%) | 6 (2.2) | 7 (3.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0.64 |
| Associated Factors | ||||
| Prolonged hospitalization, n (%) | 29 (10.7) | 23 (11.6) | 10 (19.6) | 0.19 |
| Recent operation, n (%) | 72 (26.5) | 59 (29.8) | 16 (31.4) | 0.69 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 81 (29.8) | 90 (45.5) | 32 (62.7) | <0.001* |
| Broad-spectrum antibiotics, n (%) | 137 (50.4) | 123 (62.1) | 40 (78.4) | <0.001* |
| CVC, n (%) | 80 (29.4) | 73 (36.9) | 24 (47.1) | 0.03* |
| Indwelling urinary catheter, n (%) | 83 (30.5) | 86 (43.4) | 32 (62.7) | <0.001* |
| TPN, n (%) | 8 (2.9) | 6 (3.0) | 5 (9.8) | 0.05 |
| Prolonged use of GC, n (%) | 23 (8.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | <0.001* |
| Immunosuppressive therapy, n (%) | 26 (9.6) | 11 (5.6) | 3 (5.9) | 0.24 |
| Laboratory Data | ||||
| Neutropenia, n (%) | 12 (4.4) | 7 (3.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0.68 |
| Grade I, n (%) | 4 (1.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Grade II, n (%) | 4 (1.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Grade III, n (%) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (2.0) | |
| Grade IV, n (%) | 1 (0.4) | 3 (1.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Lymphopenia, n (%) | 79 (29.0) | 71 (35.9) | 25 (49.0) | 0.02* |
| Anemia, n (%) | 88 (32.4) | 80 (40.4) | 26 (51.0) | 0.02* |
| Mild, n (%) | 50 (18.4) | 33 (16.7) | 11 (21.6) | |
| Moderate, n (%) | 33 (12.1) | 42 (21.2) | 15 (29.4) | |
| Severe, n (%) | 5 (1.8) | 4 (2.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Very severe, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Hypoalbuminemia, n (%) | 114 (41.9) | 101 (51.0) | 28 (54.9) | |
| All-cause mortality, n (%) | 55 (20.2) | 60 (30.3) | 20 (39.2) | 0.004* |
Note: *P<0.05.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CTD, connective tissue disease; CVC, central venous catheter; DM, diabetes mellitus; GC, glucocorticoid; ICU, intensive care unit; IFD, invasive fungal disease; SD, standard deviation; TPN, total parenteral nutrition.