Table 1.

Review of cases of rare manifestations of GI diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)

Authors	Patient information	Clinical features or endoscopic investigation	Diagnosis
Papakonstantinou IP et al. [9]	A 66-year-old woman with low complement levels, resembling systemic lupus erythematosus	Persistent afebrile abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea	Primary colon DLBCL
Telci CO et al. [10]	A 77-year-old male with no risk factors	Hemorrhagic shock due to the massive hematemesis and hematochezia; GI endoscopy revealing a mosaic pattern and multiple ulcers	Primary gastric DLBCL
Tahir M et al. [11]	A 47-year-old male with no risk factors	Worsening RLQ abdominal pain, decreased appetite, and weight loss; imaging revealed cecal mass with distended bowel, and colonoscopy revealed a large mass obstructing the whole lumen of the cecum	Primary colon DLBCL
Jo HH et al. [12]	An 82-year-old female with no risk factors	Acute onset chest pain and vomiting; abdominal CT revealed a gastrogastric intussusception	Primary gastric DLBCL
Quera R et al. [13]	A 47-year-old male	Ulcerative colitis	Primary rectal DLBCL
Ohkura Y et al. [14]	A 53-year-old man	Spontaneous gastric perforation; a giant ulcer with the necrotic matter on the ulcer floor was seen on upper GI endoscopy	Primary gastric DLBCL
Genovese F et al. [15]	An 83-year-old Caucasian man	Intermittent anal bleeding and irregular bowel	Primary DLBCL developing within a rectal tubular adenoma with low-grade dysplasia
Santharam V et al. [16]		Sudden-onset abdominal pain with features of shock and peritonitis; jejunal perforation with abnormal lymph nodes	Primary jejunal DLBCL
Xu XQ et al. [17]	An 82-year-old man	Intermittent abdominal pain, nausea, and fatigue; CT scan of the abdomen revealed a mass in the terminal ileum with a sign of “bowel within bowel”, which was suspicious for ileo-ileum intussusception	Primary ileum DLBCL
Tanaka S et al. [18]	A 38-year-old homosexual man diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection	Anemia; GI endoscopy revealed multiple dish-like lesions, ulcerations, bloody spots, nodular masses with active bleeding in the stomach, erythematous flat lesions in the duodenum, and multiple nodular masses in the colon and rectum	AIDS-related GI DLBCL
Barbaryan A et al. [19]	An 84-year-old Caucasian female	Altered mental status, acute kidney injury, and hypercalcemia; colonoscopy showed a large ulcerated mass	Primary colorectal lymphoma
Yamada R et al. [20]	A 49-year-old man	Acute pancreatitis; upper GI endoscopy showed an all-round ulcerative lesion from the superior duodenal angle to the descending portion	Primary GI duodenal malignant lymphoma
Barut F et al. [21]	A 25-year-old male patient	Multifocal and skip involvement imitating Crohn’s disease and attracting attention with a cobblestone-like appearance	Primary intestinal DLBCL forming multiple lymphomatous polyposis