Table 1.
Functions and molecular mechanism of CUL5 in normal cells
| Effectors/Targets | Mechanism | Function | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CUL5 | pYCas | CUL5↑/pYCas↑/FAs↑ | inhibiting migration | [34] |
| Dab-1 | CUL5↑/Dab-1↑/Src↑, Fyn↓ and Reln↓ | decelerating neuron migration, cortical layering | [46] | |
| Rpb1 | CUL5↑/Rpb1↓ | responding to DNA damage | [35] | |
| AC | CUL5↑/AC↓/cAMP↓ | inhibiting proliferation | [36,54,55] | |
| MAPK | CUL5↑/MAPK↓ | inhibiting proliferation | [20] | |
| DDA3 | CUL5↑/DDA3↓/stabilize MT | inhibiting proliferation | [9] | |
| β-TrCP1 | CUL5↑/β-TrCP1↓ | inhibiting cell growth | [59] | |
| AQP-1/2 | CUL5↑/AQP-1/2↓ | balancing hydrosalinity | [21,22] | |
| DEPTOR | CUL5↑/DEPTOR↓ | inhibiting autophagy | [39] |
↑: upregulation; ↓: downregulation; CUL5: cullin-5; pYCas: phosphorylated Cas; FAs: focal adhesions; Dab-1: Disabled-1; Reln: Reelin; Rpb1: RNA polymerase II’s largest subunit; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MT: microtubule; DDA3: differential display and activation by P53, also known as PSRC1; β-TrCP: β transducin repeat-containing protein; AQP: aquaporin; DEPTOR: DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein.