Table 2.
Functions and molecular mechanism of CUL5 in cancer cells
| Type | Molecule | Mechanism | Function | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CUL5 | Gastric cancer | miR-19a, ANKRD9 | miR-19a↑/ABKRD9-Elongin BC-CUL5↓ | promoting proliferation, invasion and anchorage-independent growth | [25,73] |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma (associated with HBV infection) | miR-145 | miR-145↓/CUL5↑ | inhibiting apoptosis | [31] | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma (not associated with HBV infection) | miR-7 | miR-7↓/CUL5↓ | Formation of a malignant phenotype in HCC | [27] | |
| Endometrial adenocarcinoma | miR-182 | miR-182↑/CUL5↓ | promoting proliferation | [28] | |
| Cervical cancer | miR-19a/b | miR-19a/b↑/CUL5↓ | promoting proliferation and invasion | [25] | |
| Ovarian cancer | miR-27a | miR-27a↑/CUL5↓ | inhibiting G2/M blockade | [26] | |
| B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia | - | Chromosome region 11q22-q23↓/CUL5↓ | inducing apoptosis resistance | [24] | |
| Acute promyelocytic leukemia | - | CUL5↑ | regulating granulocyte differentiation | [82] | |
| Breast cancer | - | CUL5↓ | promoting proliferation | [29,83-85] | |
| Angiosarcoma | circ_0024169 | circ_0024169 / CUL5 ratio↓ | acting as a diagnostic biomarker | [87] | |
| Clear cell renal cell carcinoma | - | CUL5↓ | increasing DNA damage, promoting mitotic disorder | [88] | |
| Small-cell lung cancer | SOCS3 integrinβ1 | SOCS3↓/CUL5↓/integrinβ1↑ | promoting metastasis | [23] | |
| Non-small-cell lung cancer | UBE2F | UBE2F↑/activate CRL5/Noxa↓ | inhibiting apoptosis | [15] |
-: no data; ↑: upregulation; ↓: downregulation; miR: microRNA; ANKRD9: ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 9; circ: circRNA; SOCS: suppressor of cytokine signaling; UBE2F: ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 F.