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. 2020 Jan 31;295(10):3099–3114. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010589

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Effects of 2-DG, glucose-free medium, and Akt-I-1/2 on cytokine expression by M-triDAP- or LPS-stimulated MDM. A, MDM were pre-treated for 30 min with the indicated concentrations of 2-DG in ordinary medium and stimulated for 3 or 24 h with M-triDAP or LPS, after which TNF levels in supernatants were measured. Mean ± S.D., n = 3. *, p < 0.05 compared with cells treated with the same agonist in the absence of 2-DG (paired t test). B–D, MDM were pre-cultured for 30 min with 50 mm 2-DG in ordinary medium (B), in glucose-free medium (C), or with Akt-I-1/2 (10 μm), then stimulated with M-triDAP or LPS; TNF levels in supernatants were measured at 3 and 24 h (5 to 16 donors per data point). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 by paired t test. n.s., nonsignificant. E, effects of 2-DG (50 mm; upper row), glucose-free medium (middle row), and Akt-I-1/2 (10 μm; lower row) on TNF, IL6, and IL1B mRNA expression by MDM stimulated with M-triDAP or LPS. Mean ± S.D. of 4 to 10 donors per data point. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 compared with MDM stimulated with M-triDAP without an inhibitor; #, p < 0.05; ##, p < 0.01 compared with MDM stimulated with LPS without an inhibitor at the same time point.