Table 2. Major paraneoplastic antineuronal antibodies reactive with intracellular neuronal antigen.

Antibody	Common neurological phenotypes	Common associated malignancies	Frequency of underlying malignancy	Response to treatment a
Anti-CRMP5	Optic neuritis Cerebellar degeneration Encephalomyelitis	Small-cell lung cancer Breast carcinoma	Common	Poor
Anti-GAD65	Stiff person syndrome Limbic encephalitis Cerebellar ataxia	Thymoma Renal cell carcinoma	Uncommon	Good in stiff person syndrome; otherwise poor
Anti-Hu (ANNA-1)	Limbic encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, dorsal sensory neuropathy	Small-cell lung cancer Neuroendocrine tumors Retinoblastoma (infants)	Almost invariable	Poor
Anti-Ma1	Limbic or brain-stem encephalitis	Non-small-cell lung cancer; other	Almost invariable	Poor
Anti-Ma2	Limbic or brain-stem encephalitis	Testicular or other germ cell tumors Non-small-cell lung cancer	Almost invariable	Good if testicular neoplasm detected and treated
Anti-Ri (ANNA-2)	Cerebellar degeneration, opsoclonus myoclonus, brain-stem encephalitis	Breast Small-cell lung cancer	Almost invariable	Stabilization in some but not all patients
Anti-Tr	Cerebellar degeneration	Hodgkin’s disease	Almost invariable	Poor
Anti-Yo (PCA-1)	Cerebellar degeneration	Ovary, uterus, adnexa Breast	Almost invariable	Poor

Modified from 13. ^aTreatment involves both immunosuppressive treatment directed against the autoimmune process and treatment of the underlying malignancy.