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. 2020 Mar 9;10:4276. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61116-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Overview of current knowledge on sex determination in side-necked turtles. Phylogeny follows Valenzuela & Adams⁸ and Kehlmaier et al.³³. Information on sex determination systems was compiled from this and previously published studies^{8,21,22,28–32}. Sex chromosomes are microchromosomes in turtles from the genus Chelodina, but macrochromosomes in turtles from the genera Elseya and Emydura. GSD: genotypic sex determination, TSD: temperature dependent sex determination.