Table 3.

Pooled Estimates for the Association of Firefighting with Different Cancers

	Risk Estimate (95% CI) [number of studies]
Cancer Site	Incidence	Mortality	Incidence and Mortality
Cancer sites with no statistically significant associations
Oral and Pharyngeal
Good Studies only	0.80 (0.50 – 1.28) [2]	1.07 (0.70 – 1.63) [6]	0.96 (0.68 – 1.34) [8]
Good and Adequate	0.80 (0.50 – 1.28) [2]	1.08 (0.75 – 1.56) [7]	0.95 (0.70 – 1.30) [9]
All Studies	0.80 (0.50 – 1.28) [2]	1.04 (0.84 – 1.30) [11]	0.94 (0.77 – 1.15) [13]
Laryngeal
Good Studies only	0.77 (0.50 – 1.18) [2]	0.68 (0.36 – 1.30) [4]	0.74 (0.52 – 1.06) [6]
Good and Adequate	0.77 (0.50 – 1.18) [2]	0.68 (0.36 – 1.30) [4]	0.74 (0.52 – 1.06) [6]
All Studies	1.21 (0.53 – 2.76) [3]	0.94 (0.67 – 1.31) [8]	1.02 (0.74 – 1.41) [11]
Lung
Good Studies only	0.78 (0.52 – 1.18) [7]	0.96 (0.82 – 1.11) [9]	0.88 (0.74 – 1.05) [14]
Good and Adequate	0.85 (0.66 – 1.09) [10]	0.98 (0.85 – 1.13) [10]	0.92 (0.81 – 1.05) [18]
All Studies	0.85 (0.66 – 1.09) [10]	0.99 (0.90 – 1.09) [17]	0.95 (0.86 – 1.04) [25]
Esophageal
Good Studies only	0.89 (0.49 – 1.62) [3]	0.90 (0.47 – 1.71) [5]	0.93 (0.60 – 1.43) [8]
Good and Adequate	1.09 (0.75 – 1.58) [5]	0.90 (0.47 – 1.71) [5]	1.02 (0.74 – 1.40) [10]
All Studies	1.09 (0.75 – 1.58) [5]	1.02 (0.80 – 1.31) [10]	1.06 (0.87 – 1.29) [15]
Stomach
Good Studies only	0.87 (0.45 – 1.70) [5]	1.03 (0.85 – 1.24) [10]	0.99 (0.80 – 1.25) [13]
Good and Adequate	0.87 (0.60 – 1.26) [7]	1.03 (0.85 – 1.24) [10]	0.96 (0.80 – 1.16) [15]
All Studies	0.87 (0.60 – 1.26) [7]	1.05 (0.91 – 1.21) [17]	0.98 (0.84 – 1.13) [22]
Liver and Gallbladder
Good Studies only	0.77 (0.41 – 1.45) [2]	1.10 (0.80 – 1.53) [7]	1.02 (0.77 – 1.37) [8]
Good and Adequate	0.91 (0.56 – 1.47) [3]	1.10 (0.80 – 1.53) [7]	1.04 (0.79 – 1.36) [9]
All Studies	0.91 (0.56 – 1.47) [3]	1.14 (0.94 – 1.38) [13]	1.11 (0.93 – 1.32) [15]
Lymphatic and Hematopoietic
Good Studies only	0.32 (0.08 – 1.25) [1]	0.92 (0.67 – 1.26) [7]	0.85 (0.61 – 1.20) [7]
Good and Adequate	0.32 (0.08 – 1.25) [1]	0.84 (0.62 – 1.14) [8]	0.80 (0.59 – 1.10) [8]
All Studies	0.32 (0.08 – 1.25) [1]	1.11 (0.91 – 1.35) [13]	1.07 (0.87 – 1.32) [13]
Urinary
Good Studies only	1.02 (0.33 – 3.12) [1]	0.60 (0.23 – 1.55) [2]	0.67 (0.34 – 1.35) [3]
Good and Adequate	1.02 (0.33 – 3.12) [1]	0.85 (0.47 – 1.56) [4]	0.86 (0.53 – 1.34) [5]
All Studies	1.02 (0.33 – 3.12) [1]	1.12 (0.59 – 2.12) [5]	1.10 (0.63 – 1.91) [6]
Skin cancer *
Good Studies only	0.98 (0.60 – 1.59) [3]	1.08 (0.78 – 1.50) [4]	1.04 (0.82 – 1.31) [7]
Good and Adequate	0.98 (0.60 – 1.59) [3]	1.08 (0.78 – 1.50) [4]	1.04 (0.82 – 1.31) [7]
All Studies	0.98 (0.60 – 1.59) [3]	1.34 (0.98 – 1.83) [8]	1.18 (0.92 – 1.52) [11]

*, Includes Melanoma and Non-melanoma skin cancer.