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. 2020 Jan;6(Suppl 1):S155–S164. doi: 10.21037/jss.2019.11.04

Table 4. VAS score outcomes obtained in spinal endoscopy patients.

Paired samples statistics Mean N Std. deviation Std. error mean
Paired t-test
   Pair 1
      Preoperative VAS back 7.69 55 1.016 0.137
      Final VAS back 2.65 55 1.220 0.165
   Pair 2
      Preoperative VAS leg 6.78 55 2.323 0.313
      Final VAS leg 2.65 55 1.220 0.165

VAS, visual analog score; Std., standard.