Table 7.

Correlations of urate and related variables with hemoglobin A1c in overall participants and participants with diabetes

	Univariate	Multivariate-1	Multivariate-2	Multivariate-3
Overall participants
Urate	− 0.068 (p < 0.001)	− 0.074 (p < 0.001)	− 0.124 (p < 0.001)	− 0.092 (p < 0.001)
Age	–	0.151 (p < 0.001)	0.205 (p < 0.001)	0.138 (p < 0.001)
Therapy for diabetes	–	0.461 (p < 0.001)	–	0.460 (p < 0.001)
Smoking	–	0.038 (p < 0.001)	0.029 (p = 0.001)	0.032 (p < 0.001)
Alcohol drinking	–	0.054 (p < 0.001)	0.076 (p < 0.001)	0.065 (p < 0.001)
Regular exercise	–	0.004 (p = 0.574)	0.022 (p = 0.008)	0.007 (p = 0.322)
Body mass index	–	0.208 (p < 0.001)	0.222 (p < 0.001)	0.179 (p < 0.001)
Systolic blood pressure	–	–	0.048 (p < 0.001)	0.037 (p < 0.001)
log (triglycerides)	–	–	0.088 (p < 0.001)	0.090 (p < 0.001)
HDL cholesterol	–	–	0.002 (p = 0.822)	0.015 (p = 0.092)
Diabetes
Urate	− 0.188 (p < 0.001)	− 0.222 (p < 0.001)	− 0.254 (p < 0.001)	− 0.249 (p < 0.001)
Age	–	− 0.170 (p < 0.001)	− 0.151 (p < 0.001)	− 0.140 (p < 0.001)
Therapy for diabetes	–	− 0.104 (p = 0.003)	–	− 0.082 (p = 0.013)
Smoking	–	0.031 (p = 0.359)	0.066 (p = 0.076)	0.039 (p = 0.231)
Alcohol drinking	–	0.020 (p = 0.569)	0.051 (p = 0.121)	0.077 (p = 0.031)
Regular exercise	–	0.009 (p = 0.781)	− 0.108 (p = 0.002)	0.030 (p = 0.352)
Body mass index	–	0.114 (p = 0.002)	0.028 (p = 0.382)	0.057 (p = 0.127)
Systolic blood pressure	–	–	0.091 (p = 0.009)	0.081 (p = 0.019)
log (triglycerides)	–	–	0.309 (p < 0.001)	0.290 (p < 0.001)
HDL cholesterol	–	–	0.127 (p = 0.001)	0.113 (p = 0.004)

Shown are Pearson’s correlation coefficients in univariate analysis and standardized partial regression coefficients in multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was performed under three conditions (Multivariate 1–3) using different sets of explanatory variables

The p value for each correlation coefficient is shown in parenthesis