Table 2.
Clinical and lifestyle characteristics of study participants (n = 408)
| Variables | Description | Frequency (%) | Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes type | Type 1 | 177 (43.38) | |
| Type 2 | 231 (56.62) | ||
| Duration of disease | Duration in years | 6.82 ± 4.55 | |
| Fasting blood sugar | < 140 | 135 (33.09) | |
| ≥140 | 273 (66.91) | ||
| Type of treatment | Oral medication | 143 (35.05) | |
| Injection | 233 (57.11) | ||
| Both | 32 (7.84) | ||
| Co-morbidities | Present | 118 (28.92) | |
| Absent | 290 (71.08) | ||
| DRC | Present | 88 (21.57) | |
| Absent | 320 (78.43) | ||
| BMI | Under weight | 26 (6.37) | |
| Normal weight | 241 (59.07) | ||
| Overweight | 108 (26.47) | ||
| Obese | 33 (8.09) | ||
| Alcohol | Hazardous drinker | 39 (18.06) | |
| Sensible drinker | 177 (81.94) | ||
| SDSCA | General diet | 2.75 ± 1.99 | |
| Specific diet | 3.31 ± 1.01 | ||
| Exercise | 2.07 ± 1.75 | ||
| Foot care | 4.27 ± 2.07 | ||
| Smoker | 17 (4.17) | ||
| Nonsmoker | 391 (95.83) |
BMI Body mass index, DRC Diabetes-related complication, SDSCA Summary of diabetes self-care activities, SD Standard deviation