Table 14.

The mean and standard deviation of the IGD value of the proposed algorithms and the four recently comparative algorithms CMOPSO, MMOPSO, MPSOD, and dMOPSO on UF1-9, where the best value for each test case is highlighted with a bold background.

Problem	M	CMOPSO	dMOPSO	MMOPSO	MPSOD	CMaPSO
UF1	2	5.7138e − 2 (1.83e − 2)+	3.7540e − 1 (7.68e − 2)−	5.9788e − 2 (1.53e − 2)+	5.1749e − 2 (1.34e − 2)+	1.3331e − 1 (3.73e − 2)
UF2	2	2.9899e − 2 (1.04e − 2)+	9.2730e − 2 (1.52e − 2)−	2.4096e − 2 (2.37e − 3)+	1.8998e − 2 (2.46e − 3)+	6.3018e − 2 (1.76e − 2)
UF3	2	1.2699e − 1 (3.38e − 2)+	3.1958e − 1 (5.65e − 3)=	1.2233e − 1 (4.01e − 2)+	1.2517e − 1 (1.90e − 2)+	3.1369e − 1 (2.23e − 2)
UF4	2	8.1806e − 2 (8.02e − 3)−	1.1693e − 1 (5.52e − 3)−	4.5258e − 2 (2.98e − 3)−	4.4709e − 2 (1.32e − 3)=	4.4248e − 2 (2.67e − 3)
UF5	2	3.8937e − 1 (1.25e − 1)+	2.1659e + 0 (2.83e − 1)−	5.1412e − 1 (2.03e − 1)+	5.3157e − 1 (1.15e − 1)+	1.1908e + 0 (2.65e − 1)
UF6	2	2.2563e − 1 (1.06e − 1)=	1.3225e+0 (3.58e − 1)−	3.4226e − 1 (1.48e − 1)−	2.2916e − 1 (5.69e − 2)=	2.2525e − 1 (1.68e − 1)
UF7	2	7.6681e − 2 (1.27e − 1)+	3.0330e − 1 (7.88e − 2)−	1.3358e − 1 (1.18e − 1)+	1.9950e − 2 (3.37e − 3)+	2.3489e − 1 (1.84e − 1)
UF8	3	6.8855e − 1 (9.86e − 2)−	3.2944e − 1 (3.23e − 2)−	2.4841e − 1 (7.90e − 2)−	2.2823e − 1 (6.93e − 2)=	2.2780e − 1 (5.92e − 3)
UF9	3	9.4259e − 1 (1.61e − 1)−	6.2794e − 1 (4.36e − 2)−	3.4257e − 1 (6.32e − 2)+	2.4705e − 1 (5.94e − 2)+	5.0482e − 1 (6.16e − 2)
+/−/=		5/3/1	0/7/2	6/3/0	6/0/3