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. 2020 Feb 19;2020:5132803. doi: 10.1155/2020/5132803

Table 4.

The mean and standard deviation of the IGD value of the proposed algorithms and the four recently comparative algorithms CMOPSO, MMOPSO, MPSOD, and dMOPSO on DTLZ for 3, 5, 8, 10, and 15 objective problems, where the best value for each test case is highlighted with a bold background.

Problem M CMOPSO dMOPSO MMOPSO MPSOD CMaPSO
DTLZ1 3 3.2557e − 2(1.79e − 2)− 7.8004e − 1(6.93e − 1)− 5.4064e − 2(8.59e − 2)− 1.9100e − 2(5.02e − 5)+ 2.2047e − 2(2.92e − 4)
5 7.3425e + 0(3.95e + 0)− 7.6675e − 1(7.32e − 1)− 1.9539e + 0(1.99e + 0)− 6.7643e − 2(3.40e − 2)− 6.4419e − 2(5.43e − 3)
8 3.9661e + 1(1.55e + 1)− 4.6021e − 1(1.83e − 1)− 1.1739e + 1(6.20e + 0)− 3.5917e − 1(7.11e − 2)− 1.0696e − 1(5.96e − 3)
10 9.1496e + 1(2.26e + 1)− 1.2893e + 0(1.71e + 0)− 1.3584e + 1(3.95e + 0)− 7.6499e − 1(1.39e − 1)− 1.3077e − 1(1.58e − 2)
15 1.0964e + 2 (1.26e + 1) − 9.2687e − 1(9.42e − 1)− 1.6867e + 1(7.47e + 0)− 1.2428e + 0(4.81e − 1)− 1.3692e − 1(8.31e − 3)

DTLZ2 3 5.7035e − 2(3.05e − 4)= 1.3362e − 1(7.19e − 3)− 6.9615e − 2(1.86e − 3)− 5.4516e − 2(1.23e − 5)+ 6.0866e − 2(1.22e − 3)
5 3.6973e − 1(3.88e − 2)− 2.9030e − 1(4.75e − 3)− 2.4978e − 1(1.01e − 2)− 1.9659e − 1(6.55e − 5)= 1.9525e − 1(1.20e − 3)
8 2.3305e + 0(2.70e − 2)− 5.1260e − 1(3.01e − 2)− 7.3105e − 1(6.33e − 2)− 3.1787e − 1(3.28e − 4)+ 3.5837e − 1(1.79e − 3)
10 2.3737e + 0(1.60e − 2)− 6.0004e − 1(3.10e − 2)− 1.1142e + 0(9.31e − 2)− 4.4485e − 1(5.84e − 4)− 4.2631e − 1(2.22e − 3)
15 2.4967e + 0(1.68e − 2)− 8.2668e − 1(3.60e − 2)− 1.4850e + 0(1.96e − 1)− 5.3230e − 1(7.13e − 4)− 4.9904e − 1(1.88e − 3)

DTLZ3 3 3.4943e + 1(1.33e + 1)− 3.7248e + 0(4.47e + 0)− 7.3776e − 2(8.27e − 3)− 7.6661e + 0(3.46e + 0)− 6.2885e − 2(6.68e − 3)
5 1.4470e + 2(1.53e + 1)− 1.2027e + 2(5.87e + 1)− 5.0745e + 1(5.00e + 1)− 1.8499e + 1(3.69e + 0)− 2.1712e − 1(1.90e − 2)
8 4.3773e + 2(1.09e + 2)− 1.6852e + 2(5.82e + 1)− 1.6750e + 2(3.70e + 1)− 3.3532e + 1(4.90e + 0)− 6.2463e − 1(2.48e − 1)
10 5.3570e + 2(1.46e + 2)− 1.7975e + 2(1.55e + 1)− 1.9185e + 2(2.35e + 1)− 4.8642e + 1(5.54e + 0)− 1.9282e + 0(1.17e + 0)
15 7.3422e + 2(6.36e + 0)− 1.8714e + 2(1.26e + 1)− 1.8323e + 2(4.26e + 1)− 6.1343e + 1(8.37e + 0)− 1.1990e + 0(7.43e − 1)

DTLZ4 3 6.2273e − 2(3.06e − 3)+ 2.2990e − 1(4.42e − 2)+ 7.0481e − 2(1.90e − 3)+ 5.4519e − 2(1.24e − 5)+ 3.3993e − 1(3.21e − 1)
5 4.1558e − 1(5.73e − 2)− 4.4812e − 1(2.54e − 2)− 2.3859e − 1(9.52e − 3)− 1.9596e − 1(1.04e − 4)= 1.9522e − 1(9.00e − 4)
8 1.5137e + 0(1.31e − 1)− 5.8493e − 1(1.32e − 2)− 7.8410e − 1(1.11e − 1)− 3.4118e − 1(1.38e − 3)= 3.5373e − 1(1.59e − 3)
10 1.3490e + 0(8.33e − 2)− 6.5214e − 1(1.78e − 2)− 1.3628e + 0(1.18e − 1)− 4.5450e − 1(5.10e − 4)− 4.2690e − 1(4.12e − 3)
15 1.5053e + 0(7.64e − 2)− 7.5203e − 1(8.43e − 3)− 1.9333e + 0(3.48e − 1)− 5.7137e − 1(2.72e − 3)− 5.3276e − 1(4.13e − 3)

DTLZ5 3 5.6927e − 3(8.30e − 4)+ 4.0628e − 2(5.35e − 3)− 6.1386e − 3(4.10e − 4)= 3.2522e − 2(1.17e − 3)− 6.3719e − 3(4.23e − 4)
5 3.1111e − 1(2.57e − 2)− 2.9915e − 2(4.86e − 3)+ 7.1303e − 2(1.83e − 2)− 8.5261e − 2(3.41e − 3)− 3.6560e − 2(6.96e − 3)
8 1.8356e + 0(4.73e − 1)− 2.9288e − 2(5.87e − 3)+ 1.7165e − 1(5.24e − 2)− 1.2868e − 1(9.95e − 3)− 5.4626e − 2(9.29e − 3)
10 1.7715e + 0(7.11e − 1)− 2.3843e − 2(5.25e − 3)+ 1.2075e − 1(3.69e − 2)− 1.7173e − 1(1.78e − 2)− 4.8186e − 2(8.22e − 3)
15 1.7061e + 0(2.95e − 1)− 2.7307e − 2(5.83e − 3)+ 1.7347e − 1(9.17e − 2)− 1.9137e − 1(3.52e − 2)− 4.7407e − 2(4.20e − 3)

DTLZ6 3 4.2165e − 3(4.46e − 5)+ 3.3835e − 2(1.32e − 5)− 6.9594e − 3(9.60e − 4)= 3.3198e − 2(3.59e − 4)− 6.8460e − 3(6.24e − 4)
5 3.8651e + 0(1.57e + 0)− 3.2017e − 2(6.18e − 6)+ 2.9603e − 1(2.36e − 1)− 8.6575e − 2(1.18e − 3)+ 1.9242e − 1(4.37e − 2)
8 9.6427e + 0(1.81e − 1)− 2.4404e − 2(2.53e − 4)+ 4.0488e − 1(2.42e − 1)− 1.2025e − 1(4.51e − 4)+ 2.5237e − 1(5.01e − 2)
10 9.7001e + 0(2.54e − 1)− 2.4908e − 2(5.63e − 4)+ 5.4698e − 1(4.21e − 1)− 1.1575e − 1(2.34e − 4)+ 2.2817e − 1(1.31e − 1)
15 9.7485e + 0(1.53e − 1)− 5.2210e − 2(5.22e − 6)+ 6.6979e − 1(5.08e − 1)− 1.4965e − 1(3.22e − 2)+ 2.2625e − 1(2.45e − 1)

DTLZ7 3 6.4645e − 2(1.71e − 3)+ 1.4252e − 1(2.36e − 2)+ 8.5361e − 2(5.39e − 3)+ 1.3306e − 1(1.85e − 3)+ 1.5317e − 1(8.45e − 2)
5 5.2563e − 1(2.25e − 2)+ 5.4125e − 1(6.41e − 2)+ 3.6133e − 1(8.47e − 3)+ 6.2844e − 1(9.43e − 3)+ 2.0956e + 0(7.85e − 1)
8 5.9164e + 0(2.86e + 0)− 1.3807e + 0(1.35e − 1)+ 8.2129e − 1(3.09e − 2)+ 1.7184e + 0(3.57e − 1)+ 2.8717e + 0(1.14e + 0)
10 1.6003e + 1(5.01e + 0)− 1.6656e + 0(1.67e − 1)+ 1.5255e + 0(1.27e − 1)+ 2.1238e + 0(6.55e − 1)+ 9.5705e + 0(3.19e + 0)
15 6.5560e + 1(6.40e + 0)− 2.9213e + 0(3.20e − 1)+ 2.4919e + 0(3.91e − 1)+ 2.8822e + 0(4.36e − 1)+ 1.5214e + 1(3.32e + 0)

+/−/= 6/29/0 14/21/0 7/28/0 14/19/2