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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 25.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2019 Dec 12;710:136071. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136071

Table 6:

Studies from Latin American countries showing association between As exposure and early life health effects

Reference Country Design Characteristics of subjects Results/ Main Findings
Rocha – Amador et al. (2011) Mexico Cross-sectional 20 from high As exposure and 20 from low As exposure areas since birth Apoptosis level in PBMC showed positive correlation with urinary As (r=0.40; p=0.01) and was significantly higher in children exposed to high As
Roy et al. (2011) Mexico Cross-sectional 526 children living near a metal foundry UAs and urinary DMA had positive associations with scores on the Oppositional, Cognitive Problems and ADHD subscales of the teacher ratings. On adjusting for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test scores, the associations between UAs and behavior became non-significant
Osorio-Yanez et al. (2013) Mexico Cross-sectional 199 children Total speciated As (tAs) categories showed positive association with increased cIMT. cIMT diameter was greater in 35 to 70ng/mL and > 70ng/mL groups (0.035 mm and 0.058 mm per 1-ng/mL increase in urinary tAs, respectively), compared with the < 35-ng/mL group
Laine et al. (2015) Mexico Cross-sectional Pregnant women (n=200) from the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) prospective pregnancy cohort in Gómez Palacio, Mexico Maternal urinary %MMA showed significant negative associations with newborn birth weight and gestational age. Maternal urinary iAs was negatively and significantly associated with mean gestational age and newborn length
Olivas-Calderon et al. (2015) Mexico Cross-sectional 275 children exposed to drinking water As between 104–360 μg/L 58% had restrictive spirometric pattern. Two highest exposed groups had significantly lower sRAGE sputum level and higher MMP-9 concentrations. Negative associations were seen between DMA, %MMA and %DMA with sRAGE
Recio-Vega et al. (2015) Mexico Cross-sectional 358 boys and girls exposed to water As between 104–360 μg/L FVC was significantly and negatively associated with %iAs. The urinary As level was higher in children with restrictive lung patterns than those with normal spirometric patterns.
Cardenas-Gonzalez et al. (2016) Mexico Cross-sectional 83 children Arsenic upper tertile was positively associated with urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (372 pg/mL)
Laine et al. (2017) Mexico Cross-sectional 50 cord serum samples collected from participants from the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) pregnancy cohort In multivariable regression analyses, 10 cord serum metabolites were identified that were significantly (p ≤ 0.05, q < 0.2) related to U-tAs and iAs metabolism efficiency indicators (U-%iAs, U-%MMAs, U-%DMAs).
Lopez-Rodriguez et al. (2017) Mexico Cross-sectional 88 samples from anemic children and 208 non-anemic children Anemic children had a higher average As level than non-anemic children (0.041 ± 0.11 wt% vs 0.014 ± 0.05 wt%, p < 0.05). Average As level was correlated with hemoglobin concentration (r = −0.441, p < 0.01)