Table 1.

Examples of recombinant proteins produced using hairy root cultures (HRCs).

Recombinant protein	Plant species	Protein function	Culture approach	Reference
Monoclonal antibody M12	Nicotiana tabacum	Anti-cancer	Shake flasks	(Häkkinen et al., 2014)
Green fluorescent protein (GFP)	Brassica rapa	Reporter protein	Shake flasks	(Huet et al., 2014)
Human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)	Cucumis melo	Thrombolytic protein that converts plasminogen into plasmin	Shake flasks	(Abdoli Nasab et al., 2016)
MAP30	Nicotiana tabacum	Anti-tumor and anti-HIV protein	Shake flasks	(Moghadam et al., 2016)
Tumor‐targeting monoclonal antibody mAb H10	Nicotiana benthamiana	Anti-cancer	Shake flasks	(Lonoce et al., 2016)
Human gastric lipase	Brassica rapa	Therapeutic enzyme used for pancreatic enzyme deficiency, it contributes to fatty acid release from ingested triglycerides.	Shake flasks	(Ele Ekouna et al., 2017)
Recombinant human EPO (rhEPO)	Nicotiana tabacum	Glycoprotein hormone that influences the production of erythrocytes through erythropoiesis. EPO is used for the treatment of anemia.	Shake flasks	(Gurusamy et al., 2017)
Virus like particle harboring recombinant protein shells of Johnson grass chlorotic stripe mosaic virus	Nicotiana tabacum	Vaccine	Shake flasks	(Alemzadeh et al., 2017)
Anti‐CD20 scFv‐Fc antibody	Nicotiana benthamiana	Tumor targeting antibody	Shake flasks	(Lonoce et al., 2019)
Alpha-L-iduronidase (IDUA)	Brassica rapa	Lysosomal enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of unsulfated alpha-L-iduronosidic linkages in dermatan sulfate	Bioreactors	(Cardon et al., 2019)