Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for analysis variables by age group and survey wave (1995–96 versus 2011–14), weighted
| All Ages 20–76 | Aged 20–49 | Aged 50–76 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995–96 | 2011–14 | 1995–96 | 2011–14 | 1995–96 | 2011–14 | |
| (N=3034) | (N=2598) | (N=1767) | (N=1104) | (N=1267) | (N=1494) | |
| Drug misuse | ||||||
| Any drug(s), % | 14.9 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 20.3 | 7.1 | 17.2 |
| Cannabis, % | 6.8 | 8.5 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 0.1 | 6.6 |
| Prescription painkillersa, % | 6.7 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 4.1 | 6.3 |
| Sedatives, % | 5.2 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 9.9 | 3.6 | 7.3 |
| Other drugsb, % | 3.6 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 0.1 | 3.7 |
| Control variables | ||||||
| Male, % | 47.7 | 48.0 | 48.6 | 49.2 | 46.0 | 46.7 |
| Age (20–76), mean (SD) | 45.5 (13.5) | 49.0 (13.6) | 36.9 (6.9) | 37.5 (6.9) | 60.8 (7.4) | 60.6 (7.3) |
| Non-Latinx white, % | 81.7 | 80.7 | 80.1 | 77.7 | 84.5 | 83.7 |
| Married or living with a partner, % | 72.2 | 69.1 | 72.7 | 68.0 | 71.2 | 70.1 |
| Relative SES (0–1), mean (SD) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) |
| Mental health | ||||||
| CIDI-SF major depression, mean (SD)c | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.1 (1.1) | 0.1 (1.1) | −0.1 (0.8) | −0.1 (1.0) |
| Negative affect index, mean (SD)c | 0.0 (0.9) | 0.0 (1.1) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.1 (1.1) | −0.1 (0.9) | −0.1 (1.0) |
| Positive affect index, mean (Sd)c | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | −0.1 (1.1) | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.0 (1.0) |
| Life satisfaction, mean (SD)c | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | −0.1 (0.9) | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.2 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) |
| Psychological well-being index, mean (SD)c | 0.0 (1.0) | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | −0.1 (1.0) | 0.1 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) |
| Social well-being index, mean (SD)c | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.0 (1.0) |
| Pain | ||||||
| Lower backache, mean (SD)c | −0.1 (0.9) | 0.2 (1.0) | −0.1 (0.9) | 0.1 (1.0) | −0.2 (1.0) | 0.2 (1.1) |
| Not at all, % | 39.7 | 28.3 | 35.7 | 27.0 | 46.9 | 29.5 |
| Once a month, % | 22.8 | 20.2 | 27.0 | 22.4 | 15.3 | 18.0 |
| Several times a month, % | 14.9 | 16.3 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 15.0 | 16.8 |
| Once a week, % | 5.8 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 9.1 | 4.3 | 5.5 |
| Several times a week, % | 7.8 | 12.0 | 8.1 | 12.5 | 7.3 | 11.6 |
| Almost every day, % | 9.0 | 15.9 | 7.8 | 13.2 | 11.2 | 18.7 |
| Joint aches/stiffness, mean (SD)c | −0.2 (1.0) | 0.2 (1.0) | −0.4 (0.9) | 0.0 (1.0) | 0.1 (1.0) | 0.5 (0.9) |
| Not at all, % | 39.3 | 18.6 | 45.0 | 25.8 | 29.1 | 11.2 |
| Once a month, % | 13.8 | 15.0 | 15.2 | 18.5 | 11.3 | 11.5 |
| Several times a month, % | 17.2 | 17.7 | 16.3 | 17.0 | 18.9 | 18.4 |
| Once a week, % | 5.5 | 7.8 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 5.3 | 7.8 |
| Several times a week, % | 11.2 | 17.9 | 9.9 | 17.0 | 13.5 | 18.8 |
| Almost every day, % | 13.0 | 23.1 | 8.0 | 14.1 | 22.0 | 32.3 |
a
The question notes, “This does not include normal use of aspirin, Tylenol without codeine, etc., but does include use of Tylenol with codeine and other prescribed painkillers like Demerol, Darvon, and Percodan).”
b
For each of the following drug types, there are fewer than 10 users in some cells by survey wave and age group, therefore we have combined these drug types into one “other drugs” category: prescription anti-depressants, cocaine/crack/free base, amphetamines and other stimulants, heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants.
c
Standardized based on the weighted, pooled distribution.