Table 1. Issues and decisions made during the national policy dialogue for management of PSBI in young infants 0–59 months of age when referral is not feasible.

Issues	Decision
Where will the treatment be provided?	At the #PHCs
Who will identify sick young infants in the community?	- State based CORPS/VHW/≠CHEWS) - Not PPMVs
Where will the sick young infant be referred from the community?	To the PHCs
Who will confirm presence of fast breathing; or signs of PSBI?	CHEWs/Nurses/Midwives/CHOs who is available at PHCs will confirm the signs
Who will refer the young infants with signs of PSBI to the hospital?	CHEWs/Nurses/Midwives/CHOs who is available at the PHC will refer to the hospital
Who will provide treatment if referral to the hospital is not accepted by family for young infants with signs of PSBI?	- CHEWs/Nurses/Midwives/CHOs whoso ever is available will treat sick young infants with signs of fast breathing or clinical severe infection. - Young infants with signs of critical illness will continued to be referred to a hospital
Which antibiotic regimen will be used for clinical severe infection?	Intramuscular injection gentamicin for 2 days and oral amoxicillin for 7 days.
Which antibiotic regimen will be used for young infants with fast breathing?	-Oral amoxicillin for 7 days for 7–59 days old young infants without referral to hospital - If referral not accepted by family for 0–6 days old young infants, they will be treated with oral amoxicillin for 7 days
Set up implementation research sites	Ibadan (Oyo State) and Zaria (Kaduna State)

Abbreviations

PHC; primary health care centre

CORPs; community-oriented resource persons

VHW; village health workers

Chews; community health extension workers

PPMV; patent private medicine vendors; (private individuals operating a chemist shop who are not qualified pharmacists)

CHO; community health officers