Table 2.
Associations of hypocalcemia defined by ionized or corrected calcium (A) and apparent hypocalcemia and hidden hypocalcemia (B) with the primary outcome.
| (A) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low corrected Ca | Normal corrected Ca | Low ionized Ca | Normal ionized Ca | |||
| Hazard ratio | P value | Hazard ratio | P value | |||
| Univariate | 0.70 (0.41 to 1.18) | 0.18 | Reference | 2.04 (1.16 to 3.58) | 0.01 | Reference |
| Model 1 | 0.89 (0.52 to 1.51) | 0.66 | Reference | 1.86 (1.05 to 3.26) | 0.03 | Reference |
| Model 2 | 0.93 (0.53 to 1.63) | 0.81 | Reference | 2.36 (1.30 to 4.30) | 0.01 | Reference |
| Model 3 | 0.78 (0.39 to 1.56) | 0.48 | Reference | 2.69 (1.30 to 5.58) | 0.01 | Reference |
| Model 4 | 0.88 (0.42 to 1.87) | 0.74 | Reference | 2.34 (1.03 to 5.34) | 0.04 | Reference |
| (B) | ||||||
| Apparent HypoCa | Hidden HypoCa | NormoCa | ||||
| Hazard ratio | P value | Hazard ratio | P value | |||
| Univariate | 1.34 (0.68 to 2.67) | 0.40 | 2.51 (1.41 to 4.47) | 0.002 | Reference | |
| Model 1 | 1.50 (0.75 to 3.01) | 0.25 | 2.04 (1.13 to 3.68) | 0.02 | Reference | |
| Model 2 | 1.86 (0.90 to 3.87) | 0.10 | 2.63 (1.41 to 4.90) | 0.002 | Reference | |
| Model 3 | 1.81 (0.72 to 4.53) | 0.21 | 3.02 (1.44 to 6.34) | 0.003 | Reference | |
| Model 4 | 1.79 (0.65 to 4.90) | 0.26 | 2.56 (1.11 to 5.94) | 0.03 | Reference | |
Model 1: univariate + age, sex, eGFR, and history of DM.
Model 2: Model 1 + past history of CVD.
Model 3: Model 2 + parameters of CKD-MBD and pH.
Model 4: Model 3 + parameters of nutrition or inflammation.
Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; DM, diabetes mellitus; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CKD-MBD, chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder.