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. 2020 Mar 10;10:4446. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61441-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Behavioural improvement after hUCBC or IL-8 injection parallels the attenuation of brain damage. HI mice treated with hUCBCs or IL-8 showed significant improvement of the mNSS and cylinder tests at P42 in multiple comparisons with the sham, HI, and CsA-only groups. (a,b) The graphs depict mNSS scores and the percentage of impaired forelimb use in each group. Multiple comparisons of each group revealed no difference between the HI and CsA groups or among the sham, hUCBC and IL-8 groups. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (each n ≥ 8). (c) Cresyl violet-stained brain coronal sections (above) were used for cell viability assessment of the affected brain cortex (below). (d–e) Each graph depicts the immunohistochemistry analysis of the infarct volume and viable cell counts. The reduction in infarct volume in the affected hemisphere was estimated in comparison to that in the contralateral side. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (each n ≥ 3). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, one-way ANOVA) according to Tukey’s multiple comparisons between groups. mNSS, modified neurological severity score; HI, hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury; hUCBCs, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells; +CsA, HI mice subjected to cyclosporine-only treatment; +UCB, HI mice subjected to hUCBC treatment; +IL-8, HI mice subjected to IL-8 treatment.