#1 varicose‐veins*:ME #2 saphenous‐vein*:ME #3 (varicose near5 vein*) #4 (saphenous near5 vein*) #5 #1 or #2 or #3 or #4 #6 surgery*:ME #7 surgical‐procedures‐operative*:ME #8 surg* #9 ligation*:ME #10 sclerotherapy*:ME #11 strip* #12 ligation* #13 avulsion* #14 (high tie or high‐tie) #15 sclerotherapy #16 tourniquet* #17 (compression near5 stocking*) #18 (compression near5 hosiery) #19 #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 or #11 or #12 or #13 or #14 or #15 or #16 or #17 or #18 #20 #5 and #19