Table 2.
Comparison of demographic characteristics and surgical data between groups.
| Study group (n = 15) | Control group (n = 142) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 49 ± 10.39 | 58.46 ± 9.94 | 0.001 |
| Gender | |||
| Male (%) | 10 (66.67%) | 79 (55.63%) | |
| Female (%) | 5 (33.33%) | 63 (44.37%) | |
| Course (d) | 117.67 ± 93.52 | 15.98 ± 15.65 | 0.001 |
| Hospitalization frequency | 2.80 ± 1.74 | 1.26 ± 0.46 | 0.004 |
| Main clinical manifestation (%) | Abdominal pain (86.67%) | Obstructive jaundice (76.06%) | |
| Laboratory examination | |||
| White blood cell (×109) | 9.31 ± 2.39 | 7.01 ± 2.30 | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 17.7 ± 10.35 | 120.04 ± 96.32 | <0.001 |
| Direct bilirubin (μmol/L) | 6.67 ± 5.13 | 60.91 ± 56.89 | <0.001 |
| Prealbumin (g/L) | 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 32.27 ± 4.75 | 36.94 ± 2.20 | 0.002 |
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.05 ± 0.20 | 2.28 ± 0.13 | 0.001 |
| Serum amylase (IU/L) | 725.91 ± 789.51 | 43.01 ± 18.39 | 0.005 |
| CA19-9 (U/L) | 43.74 ± 45.37 | 376.52 ± 416.56 | <0.001 |
| Surgical data | |||
| Duration of surgery (h) | 8.81 ± 1.37 | 6.27 ± 1.90 | <0.001 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 483.33 ± 123.44 | 312.32 ± 222.75 | 0.004 |
| Pancreatic fistula (grade A/B) | 2 (13.33%) | 24 (16.90%) | 0.724 |
| Biliary fistula | 1 (6.67%) | 8 (5.63%) | 0.873 |
| Abdominal infection | 3 (20.00%) | 24 (16.90%) | 0.762 |
| Postoperative length of stay (d) | 16.67 ± 5.01 | 20.04 ± 9.96 | 0.199 |
| Mortality in 30 d (%) | 0 | 7 (4.93%) | 0.379 |
| Postoperative pathology | |||
| Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | 4 (26.67%) | 35 (24.65%) | |
| Cholangiocarcinoma | 0 | 38 (26.76%) | |
| Ampullary adenocarcinoma | 0 | 29 (20.42%) | |
| Carcinoma of duodenum | 2 (13.33%) | 14 (9.86%) | |
| Adenoma of duodenum | 1 (6.67%) | 8 (5.63%) | |
| IPMN | 7 (46.67%) | 10 (7.04%) | |
| Pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma | 1 (6.67%) | 3 (2.11%) | |
| Others | 0 | 5 (3.52%) |