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. 2020 Feb 25;8(2):e12452. doi: 10.2196/12452

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©Timothée Aubourg, Jacques Demongeot, Hervé Provost, Nicolas Vuillerme. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 25.02.2020.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Aggregate-level circadian pattern of the outgoing telephone call activity of older adults. Bars represent the average hourly frequency of outgoing telephone calls. Error bars represent the hourly standard deviations. The wide range of the 5% error bars indicates that average outgoing telephone call activity differed significantly between individuals, especially at 2 am.