Table 3.
Hematological and biochemical parameters in subgroups of patients with hereditary spherocytosis and their controls
| HS-U (n=21) | Control (n=42) | P value | HS-NU (n=6) | Control (n=12) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RBC (x1012/L) | 3.53 (3.22–3.86) | 4.48 (4.35–4.61) | <0.001 | 3.64 (3.28–4.03) | 4.59 (4.31–4.90) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 109 (101–118) | 135 (131–139) | <0.001 | 112 (94–133) | 137 (128–147) | 0.007 |
| Reticulocytes (%) | 5.0 (3.3–7.6) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | <0.001 | 3.7 (1.3–10) | 0.9 (0.8–1.2) | 0.021 |
| Reticulocytes (x1011/L) | 1.76 (1.20–2.59) | 0.42 (0.36–0.50) | <0.001 | 1.34 (0.46–3.92) | 0.43 (0.34–0.54) | 0.028 |
| Anemia | 16 (76.2) | 3 (7.1) | <0.001* | 5 (83.3) | 0 | 0.001** |
| WBC (x109/L) | 9.1 (7.3–11.3) | 6.4 (5.9–6.8) | <0.001 | 6.6 (4.0–10.8) | 6.6 (5.8–7.4) | 0.708 |
| Lymphocytes (x109/L) | 3.2 (2.5–4.2) | 2.5 (2.3–2.7) | 0.076 | 2.2 (1.1–4.5) | 2.3 (1.9–2.7) | 0.543 |
| NK cells x109/L | 0.91 (0.68–1.24) | 0.52 (0.44–0.63) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.28–1.98) | 0.47 (0.32–0.70) | 0.119 |
| LDH (U/L) | 635 (568–710) | 405 (377–436) | <0.001 | 628 (517–763) | 449 (396–508) | 0.004 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 0.16 (0.10–0.24) | 0.20 (0.13–0.31) | 0.640 | 0.14 (0.04–0.51) | 0.20 (0.08–0.46) | 0.480 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.28 (0.83–1.98) | 0.94 (0.72–1.22) | 0.076 | 1.22 (0.30–4.88) | 1.37 (1.04–1.81) | 0.482 |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | 26.00 (14.40–47.10) | 8.66 (7.31–10.30) | <0.001 | 38.3 (9.58–153) | 15.4 (8.60–27.60) | 0.122 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 2.51 (1.50–4.21) | 1.63 (1.02–2.60) | 0.113 | 3.71 (0.94–14.70) | 2.21 (1.11–4.41) | 0.303 |
| IFN-γ (pg/mL) | 4.80 (3.48–6.63) | 4.39 (3.27–5.88) | 0.965 | 5.66 (3.31–9.67) | 4.44 (2.65–7.45) | 1.000 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 9.95 (7.51–13.2) | 5.39 (4.65–6.25) | <0.001 | 12.1 (7.44–19.7) | 5.42 (3.50–8.38) | 0.028 |
HS-U: hereditary spherocytosis patients, who were using daily 5mg of folic acid, HS-NU: hereditary spherocytosis patients, who were not using folic acid. RBC: red blood cells; WBC: white blood cells; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; Hs-CRP: high-sensitivity serum C-reactive protein; IL-6: serum interleukin-6; IL-8: serum interleukin-8; IL-10: serum interleukin-10; IFN-γ; serum interferon-γ; TNF-α; serum tumor necrosis factor-α. Variables were presented as geometric mean values and 95% confidence interval. Anemia was presented as number of subjects (percentage). Anemia was characterized by hemoglobin <130 g/L and <120 g/L, respectively for man and woman. Groups were compared using Mann-Whitney test.
Chi-square test
Likelihood ratio. No differences were found when comparing the data from the HS-U and HS-NU groups for RBC (P=0.793); hemoglobin (P=0.502); reticulocytes % (P=0.255) and number (P=0.448); frequency of anemia (P=1.000); WBC (P=0.153); lymphocytes (P=0.221); NK cells (P=0.976); LDH (P=0.861); Hs-CRP (P=0.977); IL-6 (P=0.521); IL-8 (P=0.502); IL-10 (P=0.220); IFN-γ (P=0.641) and TNF-α (P=0.540).