Gerlach 1974 (H).

Methods	Allocation: randomised. Blindness: varied with outcome. Design: cross‐over. Duration: 28 weeks; first arm 82 days (preceded by 5 to 51 day washout). Setting: inpatients.
Participants	Diagnosis: schizophrenia ‐ paranoid (N=11), hebephrenic (N=7), catatonic (N=2). No diagnostic criteria. N=20. Sex: male. Age: range 18 to 60 years. History: illness duration 2 to 33 years.
Interventions	1. Clozapine: dose initially 50 mg/day, median at day 82, 200 mg/day; followed by haloperidol after a second wash‐out period. N=10. 2. Haloperidol: dose initially 1 mg/day, median at day 82, 10 mg/day; followed by clozapine after second wash‐out period. N=10. Procyclidine, biperiden & nitrazepam as needed.
Outcomes	Death. Relapse. Leaving the study early. Global effect: non‐blind clinical evaluation. Adverse effects: non‐blind check list. ECG & laboratory tests. Unable to use ‐ Mental state: blind 18‐item BPRS (no SDs).
Notes	Jadad score 1.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation?	Unclear risk	Randomised ‐ no details
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	No details
Blinding? All outcomes	Unclear risk	Participants aware of treatment; assessors were blind, untested
Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes	Unclear risk	No details
Free of selective reporting?	Unclear risk	No details
Free of other bias?	Unclear risk	Unclear