Table 1.
Experimental design from real‐life hospital touch surfaces and overall hygienic levels between different locations
| ATP RLU/cm2 | TPC CFU/cm2 and indicator bacteria | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sampling location | Surface area (cm2) | Average (ATP) | SD (ATP) | Min (ATP) | Max (ATP) | N (ATP) | Average (TPC) | SD (TPC) | Min (TPC) | Max (TPC) | N (TPC, indicators) | S. aureus a (%) | Enterococci a (%) | Gram‐negativesa (%) |
| Common area table | 100 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 3.9 | 11 | 3.6 | 7.1 | 0.5 | 29 | 14 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 0 |
| Chair armrest emergeny unit | 47–53 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 0.1 | 16 | 16 | 7.8 | 16.6 | 0.5 | 85 | 24 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 0 |
| Chair armrest childrens' unit | 44 | ‐ | 6.4 | 7.5 | 0.5 | 37 | 34 | 2.9 | 8.8 | 0 | ||||
| Toilet door handle | 23–25 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 9 | 6.2 | 8.6 | 0.5 | 7.0 | 6 | 33.3 | 16.7 | 0 |
| Toilet door puller | 64 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 0.2 | 14 | 8 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| Toilet door lock | 37 | ‐ | 21.5 | 48.4 | 1.0 | 190 | 14 | 35.7 | 7 | 0 | ||||
| Total | 3.6 | 4.3 | 0.0 | 16 | 44 | 7.8 | 20.4 | 0.5 | 190 | 112 | 11.6 | 5 | 0 | |
| Statistical significanceb P value (sampling location) | P < .05 | P < .05, post hoc: toilet door lock vs toilet door puller P < .007 | ||||||||||||
a
Percentage of positive findings per total number of samples.
b
Statistical significance level of ATP and TPC (2‐WAY ANOVA). LOG transformation used for TPC to normalize data.