Table 4.
Bi–Variable and Multi–Variable Analysis Output for HIV/AIDS Infected Children in Public General Hospitals of Mekelle and Southern Zones of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia, 2019 (n=404)
| Independent Variables | Category | Last Outcome | P>|z| | Crude HR (95% CI) | P>|z| | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Failed | Censored | ||||||
| Parent status | Both alive | 55 | 200 | – | – | - | - |
| Either died | 21 | 74 | 0.773 | 1.08 (0.65–1.78) | 0.384 | 0.75 (0.39–1.43) | |
| Both died | 20 | 34 | 0.008 | 1.99 (1.19–3.33) | 0.239 | 1.48 (0.77–2.86) | |
| OI after initiation | Yes | 51 | 255 | <0.001 | 2.63 (1.76–3.95) | 0.672 | 1.17 (0.56–2.45) |
| No | 45 | 53 | - | - | - | - | |
| Adherence to ART | Optimal | 47 | 247 | - | - | - | - |
| Sub-optimal | 49 | 61 | <0.001 | 3.3 (2.20–4.94) | 0.000* | 2.84 (1.71–4.72)* | |
| Disclosure status | No | 32 | 82 | 0.026 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 64 | 226 | - | 0.61 (0.40–0.94) | 0.400 | 0.78 (0.43–1.40) | |
| Follow up duration | 96 | 308 | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.87–0.9) | 0.000* | 0.85 (0.82–0.87)* | |
| Baseline ART regimen | NVP-based | 48 | 143 | 0.017 | 0.43 (0.21–0.86) | 0.076 | 0.46 (0.19–1.09) |
| ABC-based | 12 | 30 | 0.471 | 0.73 (0.32–1.70) | 0.926 | 0.95 (0.35–2.58) | |
| EFV-based | 26 | 112 | 0.026 | 0.44 (0.21–0.91) | 0.228 | 0.57 (0.22–1.43) | |
| LPV/r-based | 10 | 23 | - | - | - | - | |
| Baseline WHO stage | Early-stage | 49 | 249 | - | - | - | - |
| Advanced stage | 47 | 59 | <0.001 | 2.76 (1.85–4.14) | 0.417 | 1.27 (0.71–2.27) | |
| Recent WHO stage | Early-stage | 66 | 303 | - | - | - | - |
| Advanced stage | 30 | 5 | <0.001 | 10.1 (6.48–15.73) | 0.000* | 5.21 (2.75–9.88)* | |
| Anemia after start | No | 81 | 300 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 15 | 8 | <0.001 | 4.68 (2.67–8.22) | 0.592 | 0.81 (0.37–1.77) | |
| Drug substitution | No | 70 | 274 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 26 | 34 | 0.05 | 1.34 (0.88–2.04) | 0.860 | 1.04 (0.61–1.79) | |
| Diarrhea after start | No | 83 | 295 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 13 | 13 | 0.003 | 2.83 (1.56–5.11) | 0.312 | 1.56 (0.66–3.68) | |
| Pneumonia at baseline | No | 85 | 288 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 11 | 20 | 0.005 | 1.93 (1.22–3.05) | 0.077 | 0.54 (0.27–1.07) | |
| Malnutrition after start | No | 81 | 301 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 15 | 7 | 0.001 | 4.90 (2.80–8.59) | 0.586 | 0.77 (0.31–1.95) | |
| TB at baseline | No | 77 | 277 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 19 | 31 | <0.001 | 3.32 (1.99–5.55) | 0.022* | 2.27 (1.12–4.56)* | |
| TB after initiation | No | 76 | 298 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 20 | 10 | 0.001 | 2.55 (1.55–4.20) | 0.522 | 1.32 (0.56–3.13) | |
| Pneumonia after start | No | 73 | 293 | - | - | - | - |
| Yes | 23 | 15 | <0.001 | 2.83 (1.77–4.54) | 0.256 | 1.5 (0.75–3.01) | |
Note: *significant at 5% level of significance.
Abbreviations: NVP, nevirapine; ABC, abacavir; EFZ, Efavirenz; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; VL, viral load; OI, opportunistic infection; ART, anti retroviral therapy; WHO, world health organization; TB, tuberculosis.