Fig. 5. Examples of vocal emission during distinct behaviors.

A-H, Vocal signal expression from individuals during each of the eight innate behaviors. Similar results were repeated independently in all 11 experiments. Timeline shows the position and type of signals emitted by specific mice during the initial, middle, and final stages of the behavior. Vocalizing mouse indicated by red outline. Behaviors in which two mice participated are auto-scaled such that both mice are visible. Signal type and duration indicated in bottom left and top right of spectrogram, respectively. Inset shows trajectory of an individual animal (arrow and squares, direction of movement and type of vocal signals emitted, respectively). During final stages of flees (B,F), no vocal activity is shown because the mice were silent. For fight (D) and mutual circle (H), each inset shows the trajectory and vocal activity of one of the two mice engaged in the behavior.