Table 2:

Densities of PV, PNN, PV+PNN, % PV with PNN and % PNN around PV in HVC, RA and Area X of male canaries.

	H+24		statistics (t)		Effect size

MALES	Ctrl (n=5)	T (n=6)	treatment	DF	Cohen’s d
HVC
PNN density (/mm²)	71.98 ± 6.66	96.75 ± 12.84	1.61	9	0.90
PV density (/mm²)	354.49 ± 34.89	665.63 ± 46.40	5.170^***	9	1.66
PV+PNN density (/mm²)	54.95 ± 3.95	79.33 ± 8.81	2.351^*	9	1.18
% PV with PNN	16.00 ± 1.62	12.47 ± 1.98	−1.34	9	0.78
% PNN with PV	78.12 ± 6.82	83.12 ± 2.31	0.75	9	0.46

RA
PNN density (/mm²)	138.54 ± 37.87	129.00 ± 13.94	−0.255	9	0.16
PV density (/mm²)	534.05 ± 40.68	402.47 ± 25.16	−2.856^*	9	1.32
PV+PNN density (/mm²)	109.13 ± 27.13	112.23 ± 13.33	0.108	9	0.07
% PV with PNN	21.02 ± 5.17	28.38 ± 3.45	1.22	9	0.72
% PNN with PV	82.52 ± 5.34	86.79 ± 2.79	0.747	9	0.46

Area X
PNN density (/mm²)	49.54 ± 10.84	68.37 ± 13.09	1.078	9	0.65
PV density (/mm²)	267.03 ± 23.28	214.78 ± 14.85	−1.959	9	1.05
PV+PNN density (/mm²)	41.80 ± 8.69	46.44 ± 11.65	0.308	9	1.96
% PV with PNN	14.99 ± 2.85	21.75 ± 5.37	1.045	9	0.63
% PNN with PV	87.70 ± 5.32	61.55 ± 10.57	−2.069	9	1.09

The mean ± SEM of each measure is presented for each group. The last column indicates the statistical value (t) of the unpaired T-test comparison between groups for each brain measurement analyzed, the corresponding degrees of freedom (DF) and effect sizes.

^(*)

p<0.10

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

^***

p<0.001.