Table 3:
Changes in time of the densities of PV, PNN, PV+PNN, % PV with PNN and % PNN around PV in HVC, RA and Area X of female canaries treated or not with testosterone.
| D+1 | D+2 | D+9 | D+21 | statistics (F value) - effect size (ηp2) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEMALES | Ctrl | T | Ctrl | T | Ctrl | T | Ctrl | T | Treatment (DF=1,49) | Time (DF=3,49) | Interaction (DF=3,49) |
| HVC | |||||||||||
| PNN density (/mm2) | 43.5 ± 10.2 | 31.2 ± 6.3 | 55.1 ± 9.8 | 56.6 ± 10.3 | 44.8 ± 6.545 | 50.1 ± 8.8 | 43.1 ± 7.3 | 71.8 ± 9.4 | 0.87 (0.02) | 2.18 (0.12) | 1.92 (0.10) |
| PV density (/mm2) | 358.9 ± 39.1 | 315.6 ± 16.6 | 412.1 ± 36.1 | 395.5 ± 46.5 | 325.9 ± 43.4 | 489.1 ± 38.16* | 354.1 ± 28.4 | 483.3 ± 18.9 | 5.53* (0.10) | 2.18 (0.11) | 4.37** (0.21) |
| PV+PNN density (/mm2) | 38.7 ± 8.0 | 27.6 ± 5.8 | 48.4 ± 7.6 | 50.1 ± 8.8 | 41.5 ± 5.143 | 44.3 ± 9.4 | 38.1 ± 6.2 | 55.9 ± 6.5 | 0.28 (0.01) | 1.77 (0.10) | 1.26 (0.07) |
| % PV with PNN | 12.2 ± 3.2 | 9.4 ± 2.3 | 12.7 ± 2.5 | 14.7 ± 3.0 | 14.9 ± 3.4 | 8.6 ± 1.4 | 11.5 ± 2.3 | 11.5 ± 1.2 | 1.03 (0.02) | 0.50 (0.03) | 1.08 (0.06) |
| % PNN with PV | 87.2 ± 8.6 | 90.9 ± 6.1 | 91.7 ± 7.0 | 90.7 ± 5.7 | 94.3 ± 3.7 | 86.6 ± 6.6 | 90.6 ± 3.6 | 81.9 ± 6.8 | 0.60 (0.01) | 0.25 (0.02) | 0.45 (0.03) |
| RA | |||||||||||
| PNN density (/mm2) | 50.3 ± 10.5 | 49.3 ± 8.2 | 59.0 ± 18.4 | 55.1 ± 7.6 | 58.9 ± 17.5 | 90.0 ± 14.9 | 57.2 ± 10.0 | 83.8 ± 9.9 | 2.22 (0.04) | 1.69 (0.09) | 1.06 (0.06) |
| PV density (/mm2) | 474.1 ± 29.1 | 412.1 ± 30.3 | 417.9 ± 56.6 | 382.4 ± 53.0 | 444.5 ± 43.6 | 486.2 ± 42.8 | 429.6 ± 53.2 | 349.9 ± 25.6 | 1.2 (0.02) | 1.35 (0.08) | 0.78 (0.05) |
| PV+PNN density (/mm2) | 35.8 ± 10.0 | 37.0 ± 7.1 | 55.1 ± 18.9 | 46.4 ± 6.1 | 48.9 ± 13.4 | 72.6 ± 11.7 | 43.9 ± 7.0 | 75.5 ± 6.3 | 2.61 (0.05) | 2.32(*) (0.12) | 1.61 (0.09) |
| % PV with PNN | 7.2 ± 1.9 | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 12.1 ± 2.5 | 12.9 ± 1.6 | 10.0 ± 2.6 | 15.1 ± 2.2 | 11.0 ± 2.2aa | 22.4 ± 2.9aa | 8.91** (0.15) | 4.95** (0.23) | 2.32 (0.12) |
| % PNN with PV | 65.7 ± 14.5 | 71.1 ± 11.2 | 92.5 ± 4.8a | 86.5 ± 5.1a | 85.1 ± 3.5 | 82.8 ± 4.6 | 77.5 ± 6.1 | 92.3 ± 3.7 | 0.31 (0.01) | 2.90* (0.15) | 0.73 (0.04) |
| Area X | |||||||||||
| PNN density (/mm2) | 33.7 ± 13.3 | 61.7 ± 6.8 | 65.8 ± 9.1 | 60.2 ± 11.5 | 43.9 ± 20.7 | 69.7 ± 7.1 | 48.1 ± 6.7 | 68.2 ± 6.7 | 7.06* (0.13) | 0.92 (0.05) | 1.42 (0.08) |
| PV density (/mm2) | 257.7 ± 21.0 | 309.8 ± 16.6 | 280.6 ± 6.3 | 296.0 ± 23.7 | 292.7 ± 16.6 | 298.2 ± 8.8 | 255.4 ± 20.3 | 273. 6 ± 18.2 | 3.26 (0.06) | 1.18 (0.07) | 0.60 (0.04) |
| PV+PNN density (/mm2) | 27.9 ± 11.7 | 55.9 ± 6.6 | 56.1 ± 9.3 | 50.1 ± 11.3 | 39.8 ± 10.2 | 61.7 ± 7.2 | 38.1 ± 6.2 | 60.2 ± 6.5 | 7.08* (0.13) | 0.56 (0.03) | 1.49 (0.08) |
| % PV with PNN | 12.5 ± 6.0 | 18.6 ± 2.6 | 19.8 ± 3.0 | 16.0 ± 3.2 | 13.1 ± 3.1 | 20.7 ± 2.5 | 15.0 ± 2.3 | 22.6 ± 2.7 | 3.95 (0.07) | 0.38(*) (0.02) | 1.57 (0.09) |
| % PNN with PV | 76.4 ± 8.8 | 91.4 ± 4.4 | 84.1 ± 6.7 | 76.4 ± 11.4 | 89.0 ± 6.9 | 87.6 ± 4.5 | 77.5 ± 4.2 | 88.6 ± 4.5 | 0.74 (0.02) | 0.49 (0.03) | 1.11 (0.06) |
The mean ± SEM of each measure is presented for each time point and each group. The last column indicates the statistical value (F) of the two-way ANOVA for the main effects of treatment, time and interaction for each brain measure, the degrees of freedom (DF) and effects sizes in parentheses. Significant differences between treatment groups within a specific time point as revealed by Tukey post hoc tests are shown in bold.
(*)
p<0.10
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001.
Significant differences compared to day 1 following post hoc analysis of the time effect are shown in bold with a p<0.05, aa p<0.01.