Table 3.

Median values, (IQR) and [n] of available measurements of biomarkers in men >= 56 years of age separated into three groups with lowest, low, and normal testosterone

Hormonal biomarkers	Lowest testosterone [n = 327]	Low testosterone [n = 425]	Normal testosterone [n = 4454]	P-value*
25-hydroxy-vitamin D (nmol/L)	41 (31–58) [n = 29]	50 (43–58) [n = 15]	55 (40–75) [n = 276]	0.03 [n = 320]
Estradiol (pmol/L)	40 (29–50) [n = 16]	56 (45–75) [n = 32]	90 (66–112) [n = 565]	<0.001 [n = 613]
Free testosterone (pmol/L)	59 (20–86) [n = 118]	130 (110–160) [n = 193]	290 (230–370) [n = 2370]	<0.001 [n = 2681]
LH (IU/L)	2.8 (1.2–9.4) [n = 121]	3.8 (2.3–8.5) [n = 128]	4.0 (2.6–6.5) [n = 1346]	0.04 [n = 1595]
SHBG (nmol/L)	33 (21–52) [n = 1]	29 (20–41) [n = 2]	39 (29–52) [n = 18]	<0.001 [n = 21]
Non-hormonal biomarkers
Age (years)	68 (62–75) [n = 327]	66 (61–72) [n = 425]	65 (60–71) [n = 4454]	<0.001 [n = 5206]
BAP (U/L)	78 (67–94) [n = 99]	81 (65–103) [n = 111]	75 (62–93) [n = 1411]	0.11 [n = 1621]
BMI (kg/m2)	28 (25–31) [n = 31]	28 (25–31) [n = 55]	26 (24–29) [n = 374]	<0.001 [n = 460]
CK (U/L)	183 (168–197) [n = 2]	175 (175–175) [n = 1]	105 (83–155) [n = 34]	0.18 [n = 37]
Creatinine (µmol/L)	94 (82–113) [n = 212]	96 (86–112) [n = 276]	92 (81–107) [n = 2870]	0.001 [n = 3358]
Free PSA (µg/L)	1.7 (1.7–1.7) [n = 327]	1.6 (1.5–1.6) [n = 425]	1.3 (0.9–1.7) [n = 4454]	0.48 [n = 5206]
HBA1c (mmol/mol)	40 (37–47) [n = 74]	40 (37–49) [n = 100]	40 (37–44) [n = 1138]	0.27 [n = 1312]
LDH (U/L)	221 (184–326) [n = 61]	210 (186–252) [n = 92]	199 (173–246) [n = 1159]	0.008 [n = 1312]
Myoglobin (µg/L)	—	—	90 (90–90) [n = 1]	Not applicable
PSA (µg/L)	0.94 (0.20–3.23) [n = 68]	1.10 (0.62–2.10) [n = 115]	1.40 (0.70–2.80) [n = 1338]	0.008 [n = 1521]
Uric acid (mmol/L)	0.38 (0.33–0.43) [n = 4]	0.42 (0.37–0.45) [n = 12]	0.34 (0.29–0.42) [n = 162]	0.11 [n = 178]

*Kruskall–Wallis test