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. 2020 Feb 4;200(1):12–21. doi: 10.1111/cei.13413

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The B7/CD28 family regulates T lymphocyte responses through co‐stimulation and co‐inhibition. CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) compete for the same ligands B7‐1 and B7‐2. Inducible co‐stimulator ligand L (ICOSL) is a ligand for inducible co‐stimulator ligand (ICOS) and can also bind to CD28 and CTLA‐4 65. Programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) is a common co‐inhibitory receptor for PD ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and PD‐L2. B7‐H3 has unknown co‐inhibitory and co‐stimulatory receptors. B7x has an unknown co‐suppressor receptor. B7‐H5 possesses the co‐stimulatory receptor CD28H and an unknown co‐inhibitory receptor 9. In addition, B7‐1 can interact with PD‐L1 to inhibit the T cell response 66, 67, 68.