TABLE 4.
Descriptive statistics for the health-related fitness indicators used in the Fit to Perform screening protocol by instrument group, as well as Kruskal–Wallis tests for differences between groups.
| Measure | Strings | Keyboard | Woodwinds | Brass | Voice | Percussion | Other | H, p |
| Lung function | M ± SD | |||||||
| FEV1 | 3.200.92 | 3.100.96 | 3.210.67 | 4.110.95 | 3.050.53 | 3.720.95 | 4.130.97 | 22.75, p = 0.001 |
| FEV1%pred | 87.4618.64 | 87.5320.50 | 90.2313.86 | 100.8111.40 | 88.7212.98 | 82.0022.07 | 98.8011.14 | 14.60, p = 0.024 |
| FVC | 3.411.03 | 3.311.04 | 3.761.32 | 4.511.15 | 3.250.65 | 4.340.80 | 4.421.09 | 24.56, p < 0.001 |
| FVC%pred | 79.6017.60 | 80.4118.42 | 90.4320.09 | 93.2413.79 | 81.7514.14 | 80.0016.64 | 89.2010.31 | 16.71, p = 0.010 |
| FEV1/FVC% | 96.374.87 | 96.475.19 | 92.828.76 | 93.107.13 | 96.444.17 | 87.6712.06 | 94.206.26 | 12.26, p = 0.056 |
| FEV1/FVC%pred | 115.285.82 | 115.256.06 | 110.5510.21 | 111.868.65 | 114.975.29 | 106.3314.57 | 114.207.79 | 12.07, p = 0.060 |
| Flexibility and range of motion | % (n) | |||||||
| AT 1_R | 96% (65) | 94% (30) | 96% (42) | 100% (21) | 100% (32) | 100% (3) | 100% (5) | 3.30, p = 0.771 |
| AT 1_R pain | 4% (3) | 3% (1) | 7% (3) | 5% (1) | 3% (1) | 0% (0) | 20% (1) | 3.41, p = 0.755 |
| AT 1_L | 94% (64) | 97% (31) | 91% (40) | 100% (21) | 100% (32) | 100% (3) | 100% (5) | 5.57, p = 0.473 |
| AT 1_L pain | 4% (3) | 3% (1) | 2% (1) | 0% (0) | 3% (1) | 0% (0) | 0% (0) | 1.47, p = 0.961 |
| AT 2_R | 74% (50) | 75% (24) | 80% (35) | 95% (20) | 75% (24) | 100% (3) | 80% (4) | 5.66, p = 0.462 |
| AT 2_R pain | 15% (10) | 19% (6) | 21% (9) | 14% (3) | 16% (5) | 0% (0) | 20% (1) | 1.49, p = 0.960 |
| AT 2_L | 87% (59) | 88% (28) | 89% (39) | 100% (21) | 97% (31) | 100% (3) | 80% (4) | 6.10, p = 0.412 |
| AT 2_L pain | 7% (5) | 6% (2) | 7% (3) | 0% (0) | 6% (2) | 0% (0) | 20% (1) | 3.31, p = 0.769 |
| M ± SD | ||||||||
| Beighton | 1.871.49 | 1.811.94 | 2.002.16 | 1.861.68 | 2.222.03 | 0.330.58 | 3.803.35 | 5.81, p = 0.445 |
| R stretch | 3.531.11 | 3.501.05 | 3.481.00 | 3.760.70 | 3.810.59 | 4.000.00[1] | 3.001.73 | 6.83, p = 0.337 |
| L stretch | 3.011.42 | 2.591.66 | 2.611.48 | 3.480.93 | 3.221.16 | 4.000.00[1] | 2.201.48 | 11.97, p = 0.063 |
| Sit and reach | 27.0110.53 | 24.9512.21 | 26.8410.55 | 24.9012.94 | 32.6310.42 | 25.338.74 | 28.6010.92 | 11.13, p = 0.084 |
| Strength and endurance | M ± SD | |||||||
| HG-R | 31.248.74 | 31.147.55 | 31.108.63 | 38.139.78 | 29.076.23 | 35.3610.99 | 36.927.62 | 31.11, p < 0.001 |
| HG-L | 29.918.20 | 29.516.99 | 29.598.23 | 35.988.08 | 28.085.77 | 33.2810.53 | 35.877.34 | 32.56, p < 0.001 |
| Plank | 50.8516.56 | 53.7212.11 | 52.5511.59 | 53.5213.54 | 56.4411.63 | 60.000.00[1] | 56.205.76 | 30.88, p < 0.001 |
| Press-up | 16.0713.35 | 13.5611.16 | 13.3011.92 | 13.627.91 | 14.698.74 | 14.3310.02 | 13.8017.92 | 2.61, p = 0.856 |
| Cardiovascular fitness | M ± SD | |||||||
| RecHR | 104.4117.36 | 102.1616.26 | 101.1717.79 | 103.3217.79 | 105.1418.72 | 94.0019.20 | 103.2917.56 | 4.80, p = 0.569 |
| Physical activity | M ± SD | |||||||
| Walking | 1212.261106.20 | 884.81768.95 | 1394.631280.94 | 1019.86747.26 | 1557.19988.08 | 2194.501709.24 | 739.20390.88 | 12.04, p = 0.061 |
| Moderate | 327.94563.51 | 380.00607.20 | 597.27780.59 | 422.86752.02 | 932.501151.08 | 560.00969.95 | 432.00429.33 | 18.14, p = 0.006 |
| Vigorous | 773.531354.43 | 546.251342.30 | 841.821273.41 | 560.00815.45 | 1262.501919.97 | 853.331211.50 | 624.00891.56 | 6.05, p = 0.417 |
| Total PA | 23133.741960.04 | 1811.061831.16 | 2833.721919.07 | 2002.711061.08 | 3752.192889.31 | 3607.833871.30 | 1795.201154.22 | 18.28, p = 0.006 |
M, mean; SD, standard deviation. Measures, abbreviations, and units for each measure are provided in Table 2. Strings: violin, viola, viola de Gamba, cello, double bass, guitar (classical and electric), and harp; Keyboard: accordion, piano, organ, harpsichord, and historical keyboards; Woodwinds: flute, recorder, clarinet, oboe, bassoon, and saxophone; Brass: cornet, euphonium, horn, trombone, trumpet, and tuba; Other: composition and conducting. [1]Data refer to small n values (n < 3); see Supplementary Table S1. Highlighted values in bold show statistically significant results.