Table 4. Univariable and Multivariable Change in IQ Score According to Population Density and Deprivation^a.

Exposure Variable	IQ Score (n = 227 429)
	Unadjustedb		Bivariablec		Fully Adjustedd
	Change in IQ Score (95% CI)	P Value	Change in IQ Score (95% CI)	P Value	Change in IQ Score (95% CI)	P Value
Population densitye	0.15 (0.03 to 0.26)	.01	0.61 (0.50 to 0.72)	<.001	0.06 (−0.02 to 0.14)	.18
Deprivationf	−1.58 (−1.68 to −1.48)	<.001	−1.72 (−1.82 to −1.62)	<.001	−0.70 (−0.78 to −0.62)	<.001

^aSee path A of mediation model, eFigure 3 in the Supplement.

^bIndicates separate univariable models for population density and deprivation.

^cIndicates bivariable model for population density and deprivation.

^dPopulation density and deprivation are adjusted for paternal age at birth, family income, maternal educational level, paternal educational level, any psychosis or bipolar disorder in parents, and parent(s) born outside Sweden.

^eUnits are number of people per square kilometer, and unit change is per 1 SD (3863.97 people per square kilometer).

^fUnits are based on the deprivation index, and unit change is per 1 SD (1.96 points).