Exhibit 3.
Average Annual Outpatient Services Used Among Individuals with OUD, and subsets receiving Buprenorphine and Naltrexone, 2014 – 2016
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Individuals with Diagnosed OUD | 4,144 | 6,856 | 8,318 | |
| Percent with any counseling | 60.91% | 62.08% | 60.69% | *** |
| Mean number of counseling sessions | 6.6 | 7.0 | 6.6 | |
| Percent with any drug tests | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mean number of drug tests | 44.31% | 50.54% | 56.42% | *** |
| Median number of labs | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.3 | *** |
| Percent with any evaluation & management visits | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Mean number evaluation & management visits | 62.45% | 68.28% | 71.81% | *** |
| Median number evaluation & management visits | 5.4 | 5.6 | 7.0 | *** |
| Percent any buprenorphine | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| Percent any naltrexone | 32.70% | 40.94% | 45.72% | *** |
| Percent with counseling only | 4.87% | 5.88% | 6.91% | *** |
| All Individuals with OUD and Buprenorphine Fills | 30.77% | 26.37% | 22.39% | *** |
| Mean days supply buprenorphine | 1,355 | 2,807 | 3,803 | |
| Median days supply buprenorphine | 161.3 | 183.4 | 185.3 | *** |
| Percent with any counseling | 140 | 161 | 168 | |
| Mean number of counseling sessions | 17.5 | 18.2 | 18.5 | * |
| Median number of counseling sessions | 15 | 16 | 16 | |
| Percent of with any drug tests | 82.66% | 78.34% | 74.97% | *** |
| Mean number of drug tests | 11.9 | 11.3 | 9.3 | *** |
| Median number of drug tests | 8 | 6 | 5 | |
| Percent with any evaluation & management visits | 89.59% | 87.64% | 85.83% | *** |
| Mean number evaluation & management visits | 14.8 | 12.3 | 12.3 | *** |
| Median number evaluation & management visits | 11 | 8 | 8 | |
| All Individuals with OUD and Naltrexone Fills | 89.59% | 93.05% | 91.61% | *** |
| Mean days supply of naltrexone | 13.9 | 11.9 | 13.5 | |
| Median days supply of naltrexone | 11 | 8 | 10 | |
| Percent with any counseling | 202 | 403 | 575 | |
| Mean number of counseling sessions | 57.5 | 43.6 | 38.3 | *** |
| Median number of counseling sessions | 30 | 30 | 29 | |
| Percent with any drug test | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | * |
| Mean number of drug tests | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Median number of drug tests | 73.76% | 75.68% | 71.30% | *** |
| Percent with any evaluation & management visits | 11.2 | 9.8 | 9.6 | |
| Mean number evaluation & management visits | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
| Median number evaluation & management visits | 46.04% | 48.64% | 60.17% | *** |
Source: Authors’ analysis of West Virginia Medicaid expansion claims data 2014–2016.
Notes: Drug tests, counseling sessions, and physician visits defined using procedure codes. Medication fills determined using three-level hierarchical ingredient code (HIC3) codes. Each observation in these tables is a person year with at least 10 months of enrollment in the Medicaid expansion. N.A. is displayed next to median statistics because p-values were not calculated for changes in medians.
*
P<.05,
**
P<.01,
***
P<.001