Figure 1.

X-ray irradiation dose response curve showing the effect of increasing doses on the flight ability of Drosophila melanogaster. The increased performance as a result of hormesis is seen at the lowest doses as a hormesis model would predict. Three quantitative effects of hormesis (zero equivalent point, maximum response, and no observed adverse effect level) are labelled based on Calabrese et al. 2012, and show the control effect, the hormetic effect, and the point where negative effects being, respectively.