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. 2020 Mar 7;11:2041731420909208. doi: 10.1177/2041731420909208

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© The Author(s) 2020

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 4. — Sequential treatment of OCT-4 and BMP4 enhances in vivo osteogenic differentiation. (a) Micro-CT images show co-treated cells induce high bone regeneration. (b) Quantification of micro-CT bone regeneration volume. (c) MTC staining images represent defect area 8 weeks after scaffold delivery. (d) Immunohistochemistry staining images show OCN and CD31 presence in defect area 8 weeks after scaffold delivery. Green arrows indicate presence of human-specific OCN. HUVECs treated or not treated with either OCT-4 or BMP4 are represented with − or + sign.

Error bars show standard deviation on the mean for n = 3: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. MTC staining 4×, 20× scale bar = 200 μm, 50 μm, respectively. IHC scale bar = 20 μm.